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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-172-183</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">OROMTB</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-1011</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Композитные мембраны для топливных элементов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Composite membranes for fuel cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-4924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедева Оксана Викторовна - кандидат химических наук, доцент.</p><p>664074, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Lebedeva - Cand. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor.</p><p>83, Lermontov St., Irkutsk, 664074</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lebedeva@istu.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9220-9765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сипкина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sipkina</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сипкина Евгения Иннокентьевна - кандидат химических наук, доцент.</p><p>664074, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya I. Sipkina - Cand. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor.</p><p>83, Lermontov St., Irkutsk, 664074</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgiv84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>172</fpage><lpage>183</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедева О.В., Сипкина Е.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедева О.В., Сипкина Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedeva O.V., Sipkina E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1011">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1011</self-uri><abstract><p>При современной экологической ситуации очень важны альтернативные источники электроэнергии, не влияющие пагубно на экосистему и природу в целом. Одними из таких альтернативных источников электроэнергии являются топливные элементы. Они имеют следующие преимущества перед традиционными источниками энергии: небольшие размеры, компактность, малый вес, бесшумность в работе, экономичность с точки зрения потребления топлива, а главное, они экологически чистые, поскольку при их работе не происходит выделения вредных веществ в атмосферу. Их роль состоит в преобразовании химической энергии различных источников в экологически чистую электроэнергию. В современной жизни химические источники тока используются повсеместно и представляют собой аккумуляторы мобильных телефонов, ноутбуков, а также аккумуляторные батареи в автомобилях, источниках бесперебойного питания и т.п. Главными компонентами твердополимерных топливных элементов являются протонпроводящие мембраны, основная функция которых состоит в обеспечении транспорта протонов от анода к катоду. Протонная проводимость таких материалов определяется наличием гидрофильных каналов, по которым осуществляется транспорт подвижных протонов. Протонпроводящая мембрана должна отвечать следующим требованиям: электрохимическая и химическая стабильность в агрессивных химических средах, механическая и термическая прочность, низкая проницаемость для газов-реагентов (топлива и окислителя), высокая ионообменная емкость и удельная электропроводимость, относительно низкая стоимость. В данной работе рассмотрены перфторированные сульфокислотные мембраны, органо-неорганические и кислотно-основные композитные мембраны, а также гибридные мембраны, полученные золь-гель синтезом, которые могут способствовать развитию технологий, связанных с топливными элементами в будущем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The current ecological situation attracts particular attention to alternative energy sources with no detrimental impact on the ecosystem. In comparison with conventional energy sources, fuel cells exhibit the following advantages: small and compact size, light weight, lack of noise when working, and cost-effectiveness in terms of fuel consumption. Most importantly, fuel cells are environmentally friendly, since no harmful substances are released into the atmosphere during their operation. Their goal is to convert chemical energy from various sources into environmentally friendly electric power. At present, chemical sources of energy are used everywhere, including batteries for mobile phones, laptops, as well as cars and uninterruptible power supplies, to name a few. The main components of solid polymer fuel cells are proton-exchange membranes, the main function of which is to ensure the transfer of protons from the anode to the cathode. The proton conductivity of such materials is determined by the presence of hydrophilic channels that transport mobile protons. The proton-exchange membrane must meet the following requirements: electrochemical and chemical stability in aggressive chemical environments, mechanical and thermal strength, low permeability to reagent gases (fuel and oxidizer), high ion exchange capacity and electrical conductivity, as well as a relatively low cost. This paper considers perfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes, organic–inorganic and acid–base composite membranes, as well as hybrid membranes obtained by sol-gel process, which can contribute to the development of technologies related to fuel cells in the future.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>композитные мембраны</kwd><kwd>топливный элемент</kwd><kwd>протонная проводимость</kwd><kwd>ионообменная емкость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>composite membranes</kwd><kwd>fuel cell</kwd><kwd>proton conductivity</kwd><kwd>ion exchange capacity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Souzy R., Ameduri B. Functional fluoropolymers for fuel cell membranes. Progress in Polymer Science (Oxford). 2005;30(6):644-687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2005.03.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Souzy R., Ameduri B. 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