<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-3-392-401</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">KXAXSG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-1073</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синтез нитратов целлюлозы из целлюлозы мискантуса гигантского сорта Камис, полученной в условиях опытно-промышленного производства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Synthesis of cellulose nitrates from Miscanthus × giganteus var. KAMIS cellulose obtained under pilot production conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-2392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корчагина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korchagin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корчагина Анна Александровна - кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник,</p><p>659322, Бийск, ул. Социалистическая, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Korchagin - Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Researcher.</p><p>1, Sotsialisticheskaya St., 659322, Biysk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yakusheva89_21.ru@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем химико-энергетических технологий СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>392</fpage><lpage>401</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Корчагина А.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Корчагина А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korchagin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1073">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1073</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена исследованию нового национального сырьевого ресурса – мискантуса гигантского сорта Камис, позиционируемого в качестве наиболее перспективного природного источника получения высококачественной целлюлозы с целью ее дальнейшей химической функционализации. В условиях опытно-промышленного производства из исходного сырья с содержанием целлюлозы 50,2% азотнокислым способом выделена опытная партия технической целлюлозы, характеризующаяся высокими значениями массовой доли α-целлюлозы – 92,8% и степени полимеризации – 1200. На основе опытной партии технической целлюлозы получен образец нитратов целлюлозы с основными функциональными свойствами: массовой долей азота 11,18%, вязкостью 48 мПа·с и растворимостью 94%. Синтезированный образец характеризуется предельно высокой растворимостью в ацетоне, что подтверждает получение именно азотнокислых эфиров целлюлозы, и высоким выходом – 150%. Методом ИК-Фурье спектроскопии идентифицированы основные функциональные группы в опытной партии технической целлюлозы (3384, 2902, 1639, 1428, 1370, 1319, 1161, 700–500 см-1) и в образце нитратов целлюлозы (1659, 1278, 834, 746, 683 см-1), установлена соответствующая принадлежность к целлюлозе и азотнокислым эфирам целлюлозы. Методом растровой электронной микроскопии охарактеризованы структурно-морфологические особенности волокон опытной партии технической целлюлозы и образца нитратов целлюлозы. Методами совмещенного термогравиметрического и дифференциально-термического анализов установлены высокие значения температуры начала интенсивного разложения – 197 °С и удельной теплоты разложения – 6,92 кДж/г. Полученные результаты обосновывают способность целлюлозы, выделенной из нового альтернативного источника, к химической функционализации в азотнокислые эфиры целлюлозы с удовлетворительными функциональными свойствами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The work is devoted to the study of a novel national raw material resource Miscanthus × Giganteus var. KAMIS, which is positioned as one of the most promising natural sources for obtaining high-quality cellulose for the purpose of its further chemical functionalisation. A batch of technical cellulose isolated from raw materials under pilot production conditions using the nitric acid method having a cellulose content of 50.2% was characterized by high α-cellulose mass fraction (92.8%) and degree of polymerisation (1200) values. On the basis of the pilot batch of technical cellulose, a sample of cellulose nitrates offering basic functional properties was obtained: mass fraction of nitrogen – 11.18%; viscosity – 48 MPa·s; solubility – 94%. The synthesised sample is characterized by extremely high solubility in acetone, confirming the production of cellulose nitric acid esters, and a high yield of 150%. IR-Fourier spectroscopy was used to identify the main functional groups in the experimental batch of technical cellulose (3384, 2902, 1639, 1428, 1370, 1319, 1161, 700–500 cm-1) and in a sample of cellulose nitrates (1659, 1278, 834, 746, 683 cm-1). Acorresponding affiliation to cellulose and cellulose nitric acid esters was established. The structural and morphological features of the fibres of the experimental batch of technical cellulose and a sample of cellulose nitrates were characterised using scanning electron microscopy. Combined methods of thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses were used to establish high initial temperature (197 °C) and specific heat of decomposition (6.92 kJ/g) values at the beginning of intensive decomposition. The obtained results substantiate the possibility to chemically functionalise cellulose isolated from a new alternative source into cellulose nitric acid esters with satisfactory functional properties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мискантус гигантский</kwd><kwd>азотнокислый способ</kwd><kwd>опытно-промышленное производство</kwd><kwd>техническая целлюлоза</kwd><kwd>нитрование</kwd><kwd>нитраты целлюлозы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Miscanthus × Giganteus var. KAMIS</kwd><kwd>nitric acid method</kwd><kwd>pilot production</kwd><kwd>technical cellulose</kwd><kwd>nitration</kwd><kwd>cellulose nitrates</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-13-00107, https:/ rscf.ru/project/22-13-00107/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out at the expense of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation no. 22-1300107, https:/ rscf.ru/project/22-13-00107/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Misenan M.S.M., Norrrahim M.N.F., Saad M.M., Shaffie A.H., Zulkipli N.A., Farabi M.A. Recent advances in nitrocellulose-based composites / Synthetic and Natural Nanofillers in Polymer Composites. 2023. P. 399–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-19053-7.00004-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Misenan M.S.M., Norrrahim M.N.F., Saad M.M., Shaffie A.H., Zulkipli N.A., Farabi M.A. Recent advances in nitrocellulose-based composites. Synthetic and Natural Nanofillers in Polymer Composites. 2023;399-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-19053-7.00004-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarchoun A.F., Trache D., Abdelaziz A., Harrat A., Boukecha W.O., Hamouche M.A., et al. Elaboration, characterization and thermal decomposition kinetics of new nanoenergetic composite based on hydrazine 3-nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-oneandnanostructuredcellulose nitrate / Molecules. 2022. Vol. 27, no. 20. P. 6945. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206945.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarchoun A.F., Trache D., Abdelaziz A., Harrat A., Boukecha W.O., Hamouche M.A., et al. Elaboration, characterization and thermal decomposition kinetics of new nanoenergetic composite based on hydrazine 3-nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-one and nanostructured cellulose nitrate. Molecules. 2022;27(20):6945. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206945.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carter E.A., Swarbrick B., Harrison T.M., Ronai L. Rapid identification of cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate film in historic photograph collections / Heritage Science. 2020. Vol. 8, no. 1. P. 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-020-00395-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carter E.A., Swarbrick B., Harrison T.M., Ronai L. Rapid identification of cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate film in historic photograph collections. Heritage Science. 2020;8(1):51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-020-00395-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Costa A.M.F., de Aguiar Filho S.Q., Santos T.J., Pereira D.H. Theoretical insights about the possibility of removing Pb2+ and Hg2+ metal ions using adsorptive processes and matrices of carboxymethyl diethylaminoethyl cellulose and cellulose nitrate biopolymers / Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2021. Vol. 331. P. 115730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115730.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Costa A.M.F., de Aguiar Filho S.Q., Santos T.J., Pereira D.H. Theoretical insights about the possibility of removing Pb2+ and Hg2+ metal ions using adsorptive processesandmatricesofcarboxymethyldiethylaminoethyl cellulose and cellulose nitrate biopolymers. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2021;331:115730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115730.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gouda A.A., El Sheikh R., Youssef A.O., Gouda N., Gamil W., Khadrajy H.A. Preconcentration and separation of Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) in environmental samples on cellulose nitrate membrane filter prior to their flame atomic absorption spectroscopy determinations / International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2020. Vol. 100, no. 4. P. 364–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2020.1858070.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gouda A.A., El Sheikh R., Youssef A.O., Gouda N., Gamil	W.,	Khadrajy	H.A.	Preconcentration	and separation of Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) in environmental samples on cellulose nitrate membrane filter prior to their flame atomic absorption spectroscopy determinations. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2020;100(4):364-377. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2020.1858070.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roldão É., Parola A.J., Vilarigues M., Lavédrine B., Ramos A.M. Unveiling the colours of cellulose nitrate black and white film-based negatives in colonial photography / Studies in Conservation. 2019. Vol. 65, no. 2. P. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2019.1662672.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roldão É., Parola A.J., Vilarigues M., Lavédrine B., Ramos A.M. Unveiling the colours of cellulose nitrate black and white film-based negatives in colonial photography. Studies in Conservation. 2019;65(2):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2019.1662672.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ioelovich M.J.I. Study of thermal energy of alternative solid fuels / Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology. 2018. Vol. 8, no. 4. P. 117–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2018-8-4-117-124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ioelovich M.J.I. Study of thermal energy of alternative solid fuels. Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology. 2018;8(4):117-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2018-8-4-117-124.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Deng W., Wu M., Rahmaninia M., Xu C., Li B. Tailoring functionality of nanocellulose: current status and critical challenges / Nanomaterials. 2023. Vol. 13. P. 1489. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13091489.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y., Deng W., Wu M., Rahmaninia M., Xu C., Li B. Tailoring functionality of nanocellulose: current status and critical challenges. Nanomaterials. 2023;13:1489. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13091489.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korchagina А.А., Budaeva V.V., Kukhlenko А.А. Esterification of oat-hull cellulose / Russian Chemical Bulletin. 2019. Vol. 68, no. 6. P. 1282–1288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-019-2554-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korchagina А.А., Budaeva V.V., Kukhlenko А.А. Esterification of oat-hull cellulose. Russian Chemical Bulletin. 2019;68(6):1282-1288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-019-2554-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sakovich G.V., Budaeva V.V., Korchagina A.A., Gismatulina Yu.A., Kozyrev N.V., Vakutin A.G. Oat-hull cellulose nitrates for explosive compositions / Doklady Chemistry. 2019. Vol. 487, no. 2. P. 221–225. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012500819080020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakovich G.V., Budaeva V.V., Korchagina A.A., Gismatulina Yu.A., Kozyrev N.V., Vakutin A.G. Oat-hull cellulose nitrates for explosive compositions. Doklady Chemistry. 2019;487(2):221-225. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012500819080020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korchagina A.А., Budaeva V.V., Aleshina L.A., Lyukhanova I.V., Bychin N.V., Sakovich G.V. Modification of plant cellulose and its synthetic analogue into lowsubstituted esterification products / ChemChemTech. 2022. Vol. 65, no. 6. P. 64–74. https://doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20226506.6598.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korchagina A.А., Budaeva V.V., Aleshina L.A., Lyukhanova I.V., Bychin N.V., Sakovich G.V. Modification of plant cellulose and its synthetic analogue into lowsubstituted esterification products. ChemChemTech. 2022;65(6):64-74. https://doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20226506.6598.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yolhamid M.N.A.G., Ibrahim F., Zarim M.A.U.A.A., Ibrahim R., Adnan S., Yahya M.Z.A. The processing of nitrocellulose from rhizophora, palm oil bunches (EFB) and kenaf fibres as a propellant grade / International Journal of Engineering &amp; Technology. 2018. Vol. 7, no. 4. P. 59–65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yolhamid M.N.A.G., Ibrahim F., Zarim M.A.U.A.A., Ibrahim R., Adnan S., Yahya M.Z.A. The processing of nitrocellulose from rhizophora, palm oil bunches (EFB) and kenaf fibres as a propellant grade. International Journal of Engineering &amp; Technology. 2018;7(4):59-65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muvhiiwa R., Mawere E., Moyo L.B., Tshuma L. Utilization of cellulose in tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum) stalks for nitrocellulose production / Heliyon. 2021. Vol. 7, no. 7. P. e07598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07598.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muvhiiwa R., Mawere E., Moyo L.B., Tshuma L. Utilization ofcelluloseintobacco (Nicotiana tobacum) stalks for nitrocellulose production. Heliyon. 2021;7(7):e07598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07598.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duan X., Li Z., Shi X., Pe C. Giant panda feces: potential raw material in preparation of nitrocellulose for propellants / Cellulose. 2023. Vol. 30. P. 3127–3140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05054-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duan X., Li Z., Shi X., Pe C. Giant panda feces: potential raw material in preparation of nitrocellulose for propellants. Cellulose. 2023;30:3127-3140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05054-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Торгун И.Н., Никишов В.П., Бучнев И.И., Куценко Г.В., Ибрагимов Н.Г., Иванова И.П. [и др.]. Лен в пороховой промышленности: монография. М.: ФГУП «ЦНИИХМ», 2012. 248 с. EDN: SJIEYB.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torgun I.N., Nikishov V.P., Buchnev I.I., Kutsenko G.V., Ibragimov N.G., Ivanova I.P., et al. Flax in the powder industry: monograph. Moscow: FGUP “TsNIIKhM”; 2012. 248 p. (In Russian). EDN: SJIEYB.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бобков С.А., Никишов В.П. Перспективы использования льняного сырья в интересах Министерства обороны Российской Федерации / Известия Российской академии ракетных и артиллерийских наук. 2019. N 3. С. 38–43. EDN: NEULDA.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bobkov S.A., Nikishov V.P. Prospects for the use of flax raw materials for the Ministry of defence of the Russian Federation. Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii raketnykh i artilleriiskikh nauk. 2019;(3):38-43. (In Russian). EDN: NEULDA.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Витебская А.В., Остроглядова О.И. Развитие потенциала Калининградской области за счет возобновляемых альтернативных источников энергии / Бизнес. Образование. Право. 2023. Т. 62. N 1. С. 159–162. https://doi.org/10.25683/VOLBI.2023.62.576. EDN: JBIRLM.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vitebskaya A.V., Ostroglyadova O.I. Developing the potential of the Kaliningrad region through renewable alternative energy sources. Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo = Business. Education. Right. 2023;62(1):159-162. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.25683/VOLBI.2023.62.576. EDN: JBIRLM.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Капустянчик С.Ю., Якименко В.Н. Мискантус – перспективная сырьевая, энергетическая и фитомелиоративная культура (литературный обзор) / Почвы и окружающая среда. 2020. Т. 3. N 3. С. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.31251/pos.v3i3.126. EDN: TAOQSK.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kapustyanchik S.Yu., Yakimenko V.N. Miscantus is promising raw material, energy and phytomeliorative crop. Pochvy i okruzhayushchaya sreda = The Journal of Soils and Environment. 2020;3(3):1-14. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31251/pos.v3i3.126. EDN: TAOQSK.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gushchina V.A., Volodkin A.A., Ostroborodova N.I., Lykova A.S. The key aspects of the production process of Myscanthus giganteus under the conditions of the Middle Volga region / Volga Region Farmland. 2020. Vol. 4, no. 8. P. 32–37. https://doi.org/10.26177/VRF.2020.8.4.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gushchina V.A., Volodkin A.A., Ostroborodova N.I., Lykova A.S. The key aspects of the production process of Myscanthus giganteus under the conditions of the Middle Volga region. Volga Region Farmland. 2020;4(8):32-37. https://doi.org/10.26177/VRF.2020.8.4.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шавыркина Н.А., Гисматулина Ю.А., Будаева В.В. Перспективы химической и биотехнологической переработки мискантуса / Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология. 2022. Т. 12. N 3. С. 383–393. https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-3-383-393. EDN: VAZQGS.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shavyrkina N.A., Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V. Prospects for chemical and biotechnological processing of miscanthus. Izvestiya Vuzov. Prikladnaya Khimiya i Biotekhnologiya = Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology. 2022;12(3):383-393. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-3-383-393. EDN: VAZQGS.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gismatulina Y.A., Budaeva V.V., Kortusov A.N., Kashcheyeva E.I., Gladysheva E.K., Mironova G.F., et al. Evaluation of chemical composition of Miscanthus×giganteus raised in different climate regions in Russia / Plants. 2022. Vol. 11, no. 20. P. 2791. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11202791.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gismatulina Y.A., Budaeva V.V., Kortusov A.N., Kashcheyeva E.I., Gladysheva E.K., Mironova G.F., et	al.	Evaluation	of	chemical	composition	of Miscanthus×giganteus raised in different climate regions in Russia. Plants. 2022;11(20):2791. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11202791.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V. Chemical composition of five Miscanthus sinensis harvests and nitric-acid cellulose therefrom / Industrial Crops and Products. 2017. Vol. 109. P. 227–232 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.08.026.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V. Chemical composition of five Miscanthus sinensis harvests and nitric-acid cellulose therefrom. Industrial Crops and Products. 2017;109:227-232 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.08.026.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ovchinnikovа E.V., Mironova G.F., Banzaraktsaeva S.P., Skiba E.A., Budaeva V.V., Kovgan M.A., et al. Bioprocessing of oat hulls to ethylene: Impact of dilute HNO3or NaOH pretreatment on process efficiency and sustainability / ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering. 2021. Vol. 9, no. 49. Р. 16588–16596. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c05112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovchinnikovа E.V., Mironova G.F., Banzaraktsaeva S.P., Skiba E.A., Budaeva V.V., Kovgan M.A., et al. Bioprocessing of oat hulls to ethylene: Impact of dilute HNO3or NaOH pretreatment on process efficiency and sustainability. ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering. 2021;9(49):16588-16596. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c05112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gensh K.V., Kolosov P.V., Bazarnova N.G. Quantitative analysis of cellulose nitrates by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy / Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry. 2011. Vol. 37, no. 7. P. 814–816. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1068162011070077.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gensh K.V., Kolosov P.V., Bazarnova N.G. Quantitative analysis of cellulose nitrates by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry. 2011;37(7):814-816. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1068162011070077.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гисматулина Ю.А., Кортусов А.Н., Будаева В.В., Сакович Г.В. Исследование химического состава промышленно значимой для России культуры – мискантуса гигантского – урожаев 2019-2021 гг. / Экология и промышленность России. 2022. Т. 26. N 11. https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2022-11-55-59. EDN: LELATM.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gismatulina Yu.A., Kortusov A.N., Budaeva V.V., Sakovich G.V. Study of chemical composition of an industrial crop for Russia – Miscanthus giganteus harvested in 2019-2021. Ekologiya i promyshlennost’ Rossii = Ecology and Industry of Russia. 2022;26(11):55-59. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2022-11-55-59. EDN: LELATM.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang C., Kong Y., Hu R., Zhou G. Miscanthus: a fast–growing crop for environmental remediation and biofuel production / GCB Bioenergy. 2021. Vol. 13, no. 1. P. 58–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12761.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang C., Kong Y., Hu R., Zhou G. Miscanthus: a fast–growing crop for environmental remediation and biofuel production. GCB Bioenergy. 2021;13(1):58-69. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12761.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пономарев Б.А., Русин Д.Л., Серегин В.В., Леонова Е.В., Беликова Т.А. Получение нитратов целлюлозы из льняной целлюлозы с учетом экономических и экологических факторов / Успехи в химии и химической технологии. 2011. Т. 25. N 12. С. 40–44. EDN: RARWVR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ponomarev B.A., Rusin D.L., Seregin V.V., Leonova E.V., Belikova T.A. Obtaining cellulose nitrates from flax pulp, taking into account economic and environmental factors. Uspekhi v khimii i khimicheskoi tekhnologii. 2011;25(12):40-44. (In Russian). EDN: RARWVR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V., Sakovich G.V. Cellulose nitrates from intermediate flax straw / Russian Chemical Bulletin. 2016. Vol. 65, no. 12. P. 2920–2924. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-016-1678-3. EDN: XNEZVS.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V., Sakovich G.V. Cellulose nitrates from intermediate flax straw. Russian Chemical Bulletin. 2016;65(12):2920-2924. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-016-1678-3. EDN: XNEZVS.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сакович Г.В., Будаева В.В., Корчагина А.А., Гисматулина Ю.А. Перспективы нитратов целлюлозы из нетрадиционного сырья для взрывчатых составов / Химия растительного сырья. 2019. N 1. С. 259–268. https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2019014336. EDN: ZACFML.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakovich G.V., Budaeva V.V., Korchagina A.A., Gismatulina Yu.A. Prospects of cellulose nitrates from unconventional feedstocks for use in composite explosives. Khimiya rastitelnogo syrya. 2019;(1):259-268. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2019014336. EDN: ZACFML.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Валишина З.Т., Иванова А.В., Мухаметшин Б.Ф., Александров А.А., Косточко А.В. Исследование свойств азотнокислых эфиров целлюлозы на основе пеньковой целлюлозы / Вестник технологического университета. 2016. Т. 19. N 18. С. 65–68. EDN: WYBSAT.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valishina Z.T., Ivanova A.V., Mukhametshin B.F., Aleksandrov A.A., Kostochko A.V. Study of properties of cellulose nitrate esters based on hemp cellulose. Vestnik tehnologicheskogo universiteta. 2016;19(18):65-68. (In Russian). EDN: WYBSAT.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Валишина З.Т., Александров А.А., Хакимзянова Р.И., Косточко А.В. Исследование кинетики этерификации пеньковой целлюлозы / Вестник технологического университета. 2017. Т. 20. N 23. С. 13–16. EDN: YLCTQL.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valishina Z.T., Alexandrov A.A., Khakimzya-nova R.I., Kostochko A.V. Study of the esterification kinetics of hemp cellulose. Vestnik tehnologicheskogo universiteta. 2017;20(23):13-16. (In Russian). EDN: YLCTQL.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adekunle I.M. Production of cellulose nitrate polymer from sawdust / Journal of Chemistry. 2010. Vol. 7, no. 3. P. 709–716. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/807980.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adekunle I.M. Production of cellulose nitrate polymer from sawdust. Journal of Chemistry. 2010;7(3):709-716. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/807980.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V., Sakovich G.V. Nitrocellulose synthesis from miscanthus cellulose / Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics. 2018. Vol. 43. P. 96–100. https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.201700210.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V., Sakovich G.V. Nitrocellulose synthesis from miscanthus cellulose. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics. 2018;43:96-100. https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.201700210.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V., Sakovich G.V. Nitric acid preparation of cellulose from miscanthus as a nitrocellulose precursor / Russian Chemical Bulletin. 2015. Vol. 64, no. 12. P. 2949–2953. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-015-1252-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gismatulina Yu.A., Budaeva V.V., Sakovich G.V. Nitric acid preparation of cellulose from miscanthus as a nitrocellulose precursor. Russian Chemical Bulletin. 2015;64(12):2949-2953. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-015-1252-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu J. Nitrate esters chemistry and technology. Singapore: Springer Nature, 2019. P. 469–580.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu J. Nitrate esters chemistry and technology. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2019, p. 469-580.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кушнир Е.Ю., Шахова А.Г., Базарнова Н.Г., Кымбатбекова М.К., Афанасенкова И.В. Делигнификация растительного сырья под воздействием микроволнового излучения. ИКспектры и индексы упорядоченности целлюлозы / Химия растительного сырья. 2020. N 4. С. 101–107. https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020048962. EDN: QBVPHI.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kushnir E.Yu., Shakhova A.G., Bazarnova N.G., Kymbatbekova M.K., Afanasenkova I.V. Delignification of plant raw materials under microwave irradiation. IR spectra and ordering indices of the cellulose. Khimiya rastitelnogo syrya. 2020;(4):101-107. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020048962. EDN: QBVPHI.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Михаилиди А.М., Котельникова Н.Е., Геньш К.В., Кушнир Е.Ю., Базарнова Н.Г. Состав и свойства древесины и целлюлозы тропических пород растений / Химия растительного сырья. 2013. N 1. С. 15–28. EDN: RCYJXT.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mihailidi A.M., Kotel’nikova N.E., Gen’sh K.V., Kushnir E.Ju., Bazarnova N.G. The composition and properties of wood and cellulose of tropical plant species. Khimiya rastitelnogo syrya. 2013;(1):15-28. (In Russian). EDN: RCYJXT.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trache D., Khimeche K., Mezroua A., Benziane M. Physicochemical properties of microcrystalline nitrocellulose from Alfa grass fibres and its thermal stability / Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2016. Vol. 124, no. 3. P. 1485–1496. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5293-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trache D., Khimeche K., Mezroua A., Benziane M. Physicochemical	properties	of	microcrystalline nitrocellulose from Alfa grass fibres and its thermal stability. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2016;124(3):1485-1496. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5293-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarchoun A.F., Trache D., Klapötke T.M., Chelouche S., Derradji M., Bessa W., et al. A promising energetic polymer from Posidonia oceanica brown algae: synthesis, characterization, and kinetic modeling / Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics. 2019. Vol. 220, no. 22. P. 1900358. https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201900358.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarchoun A.F., Trache D., Klapötke T.M., Chelouche S., Derradji M., Bessa W., et al. A promising energetic polymer from Posidonia oceanica brown algae: synthesis, characterization, and kinetic modeling. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics. 2019;220(22):1900358. https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201900358.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarchoun A.F., Trache D., Klapötke T.M., Belmerabet M., Abdelaziz A., Derradji M., et al. Synthesis, characterization, and thermal decomposition kinetics of nitrogen-rich energetic biopolymers from aminated giant reed cellulosic fibers / Industrial &amp; Engineering Chemistry Research. 2020. Vol. 59, no. 52. P. 22677– 22689. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05448.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarchoun A.F., Trache D., Klapötke T.M., Belmerabet M., Abdelaziz A., Derradji M., et al. Synthesis, characterization, and thermal decomposition kinetics of nitrogen-rich energetic biopolymers from aminated giant reed cellulosic fibers. Industrial &amp; Engineering Chemistry Research. 2020;59(52):22677-22689. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05448.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarchoun A.F., Trache D., Klapötke T.M., Selmani A., Saada M., Chelouche S., et al. New insensitive high-energy dense biopolymers from giant reed cellulosic fibers: their synthesis, characterization, and non-isothermal decomposition kinetics / New Journal of Chemistry. 2021. Vol. 45, no. 11. P. 5099–5113. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0nj05484d.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarchoun A.F., Trache D., Klapötke T.M., Selmani A., Saada M., Chelouche S., et al. New insensitive high-energy dense biopolymers from giant reed cellulosic fibers: their synthesis, characterization, and non-isothermal decomposition kinetics. New Journal of Chemistry. 2021;45(11):5099-5113. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0nj05484d.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
