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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/achb.945</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">VEHRVM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-1337</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рост корней трансгенных растений табака со сверхэкспрессией гена ксилоглюканэндотрансгликозилазы PtrXTH1 в условиях абиотического стресса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Root growth in transgenic tobacco plants with overexpression of the PtrXTH1 gene encoding xyloglucan endotransglycosylase under abiotic stress</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2634-9860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережнева</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhneva</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бережнева Зоя Александровна, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>450054, г. Уфа, Проспект Октября, 71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zoya A. Berezhneva, Junior Researcher</p><p>71, Oktyabrya Avenue, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">berezhneva-z@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7336-2027</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусин</surname><given-names>Х. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musin</surname><given-names>K. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусин Халит Галеевич, к.б.н., научный сотрудник</p><p>450054, г. Уфа, Проспект Октября, 71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khalit G. Musin, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Researcher</p><p>71, Oktyabrya Avenue, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khalit.musin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-164X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулуев</surname><given-names>Б. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuluev</surname><given-names>B. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулуев Булат Разяпович, д.б.н., заведующий лабораторией</p><p>450054, г. Уфа, Проспект Октября, 71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bulat R. Kuluev, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory</p><p>71, Oktyabrya Avenue, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuluev@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>495</fpage><lpage>503</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бережнева З.А., Мусин Х.Г., Кулуев Б.Р., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бережнева З.А., Мусин Х.Г., Кулуев Б.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Berezhneva Z.A., Musin K.G., Kuluev B.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1337">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1337</self-uri><abstract><p>Ксилоглюканэндотрансгликозилазы представляют собой гидролитические ферменты клеточных стенок, которые участвуют в регуляции и обеспечении роста растений. Сверхэкспрессия генов ксилоглюканэндотрансгликозилаз может позитивно влиять на рост и стрессоустойчивость трансгенных растений, однако механизмы такого влияния остаются малоизученными. Целью данной работы являлось создание трансгенных растений табака со сверхэкспрессией гена ксилоглюканэндотрансгликозилазы осины PtrXTH1, а также морфофизиологический анализ их корней в условиях действия абиотических стресс-факторов. Трансгенные растения табака характеризовались увеличенной длиной корней по сравнению с растениями дикого типа как при оптимальных условиях, так и при засолении (действие хлорида натрия в концентрации 100 мМ), гипотермии (12 °С) и загрязнении кадмием (действие ацетата кадмия в концентрации 200 мкМ). Площадь клеток паренхимы корней у трансгенных растений табака была больше по сравнению с растениями дикого типа только при действии ацетата кадмия, тогда как при норме, гипотермии и засолении разница в размере клеток не обнаруживалась. Сверхэкспрессия гена PtrXTH1 способствовала увеличению в корнях общей антиоксидантной способности, содержания пролина, водорастворимых сахаров, окисленного и восстановленного глутатиона при действии всех трех стрессовых факторов. Таким образом, трансген PtrXTH1 оказывает стимулирующее действие на рост корней табака при норме и действии абиотических стресс-факторов, что сопровождается положительными изменениями в антиоксидантной системе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Xyloglucan endotransglycosylases are hydrolytic cell wall enzymes that are involved in the regulation and promotion of plant growth. Overexpression of genes encoding xyloglucan endotransglycosylases can have a positive effect on the growth and stress tolerance of transgenic plants; however, the mechanisms of such influence remain poorly understood. This study was aimed at creating transgenic tobacco plants with overexpression of the PtrXTH1 gene encoding aspen xyloglucan endotransglycosylase, as well as conducting a morphophysiological analysis of their roots under abiotic stress. The transgenic tobacco plants were characterized by an increased root length as compared to wild plants, both under optimal conditions and in response to salinity (100 mM sodium chloride), low temperature (12 °C), and cadmium contamination (200 μM cadmium acetate). The area of root parenchyma cells in transgenic tobacco plants is larger as compared to wild plants only under the effect of cadmium acetate, whereas under normal conditions and under low-temperature and salinity stress, no difference in cell size was observed. The PtrXTH1 gene overexpression contributed to the increased total antioxidant capacity in the roots, as well as a higher content of proline, water-soluble sugars, and oxidized and reduced glutathione, in the context of the three stress factors. Thus, the PtrXTH1 transgene stimulates the growth of tobacco roots under normal and abiotic stress conditions, which is accompanied by positive changes in the antioxidant system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Nicotiana tabacum</kwd><kwd>антиоксидантная система</kwd><kwd>гипотермия</kwd><kwd>засоление</kwd><kwd>кадмий</kwd><kwd>рост корней</kwd><kwd>трансгенные растения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Nicotiana tabacum</kwd><kwd>antioxidant system</kwd><kwd>low temperature</kwd><kwd>salinity</kwd><kwd>cadmium</kwd><kwd>root growth</kwd><kwd>transgenic plants</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках госзадания 122030200143-8.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by state assignment 122030200143-8.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Sandt V.S.T., Suslov D., Verbelen J.-P., Vissenberg K. 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