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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/achb.1003</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">BWZUXR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-1544</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микроволновый пиролиз древесины дуба: исследование процесса и характеристика продуктов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microwave pyrolysis of oak wood: Process analysis and product characterization</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3749-7738</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алыева</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyeva</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алыева Алиса Биняминовна, к.х.н., научный сотрудник; доцент</p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46;</p><p>603155, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa B. Alyeva, Cand. Sci. (Chemistry), Researcher; Associate Professor</p><p>46, Ulyanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950;</p><p>24, Minin St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603155</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.alyeva@ipfran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4008-3328</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананичева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananicheva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ананичева Светлана Андреевна, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Ananicheva, Junior Researcher</p><p>46, Ulyanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bulanova@ipfran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-7482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крапивницкая</surname><given-names>Т. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krapivnitсkaia</surname><given-names>T. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крапивницкая Татьяна Олеговна, к.т.н., научный сотрудник</p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana O. Krapivnitckaia, Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Researcher</p><p>46, Ulyanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kto@ipfran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2765-252X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисенко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денисенко Андрей Николаевич, ведущий конструктор</p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Denisenko, Leading Designer</p><p>46, Ulyanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">androu@ipfran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6503-9454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананичев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananichev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ананичев Андрей Алексеевич, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Ananichev, Junior Researcher</p><p>46, Ulyanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a0810@ipfran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7441-6354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Преображенский</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Preobrazhensky</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Преображенский Евгений Игоревич, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii I. Preobrazhensky, Junior Researcher</p><p>46, Ulyanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgenypr@ipfran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-8621</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Широков Дмитрий Алексеевич, ассистент</p><p>603155, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Shirokov, Assistant</p><p>24, Minin St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603155</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dima.shirokov.99@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7896-9212</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глявин</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glyavin</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глявин Михаил Юрьевич, д.ф.-м.н., заместитель директора учреждения по научной работе, заведующий отделом</p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Glyavin, Dr. Sci. (Physics &amp; Mathematics), Deputy Director for Research, Head of Department</p><p>46, Ulyanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glyavin@ipfran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4319-3562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Песков</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peskov</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Песков Николай Юрьевич, д.ф.-м.н., профессор РАН, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai Yu. Peskov, Dr. Sci. (Physics &amp; Mathematics), Professor of Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Laboratory</p><p>46, Ulyanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">peskov@ipfran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладной физики им. А.В. Гапонова-Грехова РАН; Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладной физики им. А.В. Гапонова-Грехова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>573</fpage><lpage>581</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алыева А.Б., Ананичева С.А., Крапивницкая Т.О., Денисенко А.Н., Ананичев А.А., Преображенский Е.И., Широков Д.А., Глявин М.Ю., Песков Н.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алыева А.Б., Ананичева С.А., Крапивницкая Т.О., Денисенко А.Н., Ананичев А.А., Преображенский Е.И., Широков Д.А., Глявин М.Ю., Песков Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alyeva A.B., Ananicheva S.A., Krapivnitсkaia T.O., Denisenko A.N., Ananichev A.A., Preobrazhensky E.I., Shirokov D.A., Glyavin M.Y., Peskov N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1544">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1544</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие методов конверсии сельскохозяйственных отходов в ценные химические продукты является актуальной задачей, направленной на повышение эффективности использования природных ресурсов. Пиролиз с применением микроволнового излучения представляет собой перспективный подход, характеризующийся высокой скоростью нагрева, селективностью воздействия и потенциалом для масштабирования. Для реализации микроволновой обработки древесины дуба была разработана специализированная технологическая установка, ключевым элементом которой является микроволновый реактор с объем загрузки сырья до 3 л. В рамках настоящего исследования было проведено сопоставление инфракрасных спектров древесины дуба до и после воздействия микроволнового излучения, а также полученной газообразной фракции. Анализ инфракрасных спектров исходной древесины и твердого остатка после пиролиза позволил оценить изменения в структуре полимерных компонентов древесины (целлюлозы, лигнина, гемицеллюлоз), а анализ инфракрасного спектра газовой фракции – идентифицировать основные газообразные продукты реакции. Дополнительно был проведен элементный анализ древесины дуба и твердого продукта его микроволновой переработки. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что в ходе процесса пиролиза древесины атомные отношения H/C и O/C уменьшаются на 0,73 и 0,44 соответственно. Расчетная теплотворная способность твердого остатка при этом повысилась в 2 раза, что свидетельствует о перспективности использования продукта пиролиза в качестве топлива благодаря увеличению энергетической ценности. Полученные результаты указывают на перспективность применения микроволнового пиролиза для переработки сельскохозяйственных отходов в высокоуглеродистые материалы с повышенной теплотворной способностью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Development of methods for converting agricultural waste into valuable chemical products constitutes an important task designed to improve the efficiency of natural resource use. A promising approach is microwave-assisted pyrolysis, which offers high heating rates, selective action, and potential for scaling. In order to implement microwave processing of oak wood, a specialized processing unit was developed; its key element is a microwave reactor with a capacity of up to 3 L. The present study compared the IR spectra of oak wood prior to and after exposure to microwave radiation, as well as that of the obtained gaseous fraction. The IR spectrum analysis of the original wood and the solid residue from pyrolysis revealed structural changes in the polymer components of wood (cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses), while the IR spectrum analysis of the gaseous fraction helped identify the main gaseous reaction products. In addition, an elemental analysis of oak wood and the solid product of its microwave processing was conducted. The obtained data indicate a decrease in H/C and O/C atomic ratios by 0.73 and 0.44, respectively, during wood pyrolysis. The estimated calorific value of the solid residue increased twofold, which suggests the potential of using pyrolysis products as fuel due to the increased energy value. The obtained results indicate the potential of microwave pyrolysis in the conversion of agricultural waste into high-carbon materials with increased calorific value.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>переработка органического сырья</kwd><kwd>древесина</kwd><kwd>микроволновый пиролиз</kwd><kwd>уголь</kwd><kwd>микроволновый реактор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>processing of organic raw materials</kwd><kwd>wood</kwd><kwd>microwave pyrolysis</kwd><kwd>coal</kwd><kwd>microwave reactor</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 23-19-00763 «Разработка новых физико-химических технологий и СВЧ-комплексов для глубокой переработки целлюлозосодержащих материалов»).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 23-19-00763 “Development of new physical and chemical technologies and microwave complexes for deep processing of cellulose-containing materials”).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moreira G.D.O., Costa G.F., Cavalcante R.M., Young A.F. 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