vuzbiochemiИзвестия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнологияProceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology2227-29252500-1558ИРНИТУ10.21285/achb.1008AOCZMTvuzbiochemi-1564Research ArticleХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGYПокрытия на основе масел для регулирования скорости высвобождения питательных веществOil-based coatings for controlled nutrient releasehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2011-9503ЛипинА. Г.LipinA. G.

Липин Александр Геннадьевич, д.т.н., профессор, профессор

153000, г. Иваново, пр. Шереметевский, 7

Aleksandr G. Lipin, Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Professor

7, Sheremetevskiy Ave., Ivanovo, 153000

157lipin@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7984-1691ЛипинА. А.LipinA. A.

Липин Андрей Александрович, д.т.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой

153000, г. Иваново, пр. Шереметевский, 7

Andrey A. Lipin, Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Head of the Department

7, Sheremetevskiy Ave., Ivanovo, 153000

lipin.a@mail.ruИвановский государственный химико-технологический университетРоссияIvanovo State University of Chemistry and TechnologyRussian Federation202502122025154582589Copyright © Липин А.Г., Липин А.А., 20252025Липин А.Г., Липин А.А.Lipin A.G., Lipin A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1564

Капсулирование минеральных удобрений является одним из наиболее эффективных способов снижения потерь питательных веществ. Для получения защитных покрытий на поверхности гранул удобрений используется широкий спектр природных и синтетических полимеров. Главный недостаток синтетических полимеров заключается в их накоплении в почве, так как они не подвергаются биодеструкции. Одним из путей обеспечения биоразлагаемости является применение в качестве материалов покрытий полимеров на основе растительных масел. В данной работе использовались льняное и тунговое масла. Масло посредством пневматической форсунки наносилось на движущийся слой гранул в тарельчатом грануляторе. Защитное покрытие формировалось посредством полимеризации масла непосредственно на поверхности частиц. Процесс ускорялся путем нагрева горячим воздухом и введением в масло марганцевого сиккатива. Были получены образцы капсулированного карбамида с содержанием покрытия 7 и 10%. Исследована кинетика высвобождения карбамида из полученных капсул в водной среде в статических условиях. Для обоих видов масел кривые выделения имеют S-образный характер. Продолжительность действия капсулированного удобрения возрастает с увеличением массовой доли покрытия и, как следствие, толщины оболочки. Сравнительный анализ показал, что барьерные свойства покрытия на основе тунгового масла значительно лучше, чем на основе льняного. При массовой доле оболочки 10% время высвобождения 80% карбамида составляет 14 дней для льняного масла и 56 дней, то есть в 4 раза больше, для тунгового масла.

Encapsulation of mineral fertilizers is one of the most effective ways to reduce nutrient losses. In order to obtain protective coatings on the surface of fertilizer granules, a wide range of natural and synthetic polymers is used. The main disadvantage of synthetic polymers lies in their accumulation in soil due to their inability to biodegrade. One way to ensure biodegradability is to use vegetable oil polymers as coating materials. The present study used linseed and tung oils, which were applied to the moving layer of granules in a pan granulator by means of a pneumatic atomizer. The protective coating was formed through the polymerization of oil directly on the particle surface. The process was accelerated via hot-air heating and the addition of a manganese drier to the oil. As a result, encapsulated carbamide samples with 7% and 10% coating contents were obtained. The study analyzed the kinetics of carbamide release from the obtained capsules in aqueous medium under static conditions. For both types of oil, the release curves are S-shaped. The duration of encapsulated fertilizer effect increases at a greater coating mass fraction and, therefore, capsule thickness. A comparative analysis showed that the barrier properties of tung oil-based coatings are significantly better than those of linseed oil-based coatings. At a capsule mass fraction of 10%, it takes 14 days for 80% of carbamide to be released in the case of linseed oil and 56 days in the case of tung oil, i.e., four times longer.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.