vuzbiochemiИзвестия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнологияProceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology2227-29252500-1558ИРНИТУ10.21285/achb.1009OCWINKvuzbiochemi-1568Research ArticleКРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯBRIEF COMMUNICATIONЛетучие примеси биоэтанола-сырца из мискантуса гигантскогоVolatile impurities in crude bioethanol produced from giant miscanthushttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-347XСкибаЕ. А.SkibaE. A.

Скиба Екатерина Анатольевна, д.т.н., доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник

659322, г. Бийск, ул. Социалистическая, 1

Ekaterina A. Skiba, Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher

1, Sotsialisticheskaya St., Biysk, 659322

eas08988@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4677-9200МироноваГ. Ф.MironovaG. F.

Миронова Галина Федоровна, к.т.н., научный сотрудник

659322, г. Бийск, ул. Социалистическая, 1

Galina F. Mironova, Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Researcher

1, Sotsialisticheskaya St., Biysk, 659322

yur_galina@mail.ruИнститут проблем химико-энергетических технологий СО РАНРоссияInstitute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202510122025154590596Copyright © Скиба Е.А., Миронова Г.Ф., 20252025Скиба Е.А., Миронова Г.Ф.Skiba E.A., Mironova G.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1568

Вопрос изучения летучих примесей биоэтанола-сырца имеет важное техническое значение для дальнейших каталитических превращений биоэтанола в продукты технической химии и товароведческое значение для предотвращения фальсификации пищевого спирта. В работе впервые исследованы летучие примеси биоэтанола-сырца, полученного из мискантуса гигантского с помощью авторских методов предобработки. Использованы три авторских метода, основанные на воздействии на сырье разбавленными растворами азотной кислоты при атмосферном давлении. В качестве арбитражного метода использован классической способ предобработки целлюлозосодержащего недревесного сырья – щелочная делигнификация с помощью гидроксида натрия. Полученные субстраты подвергались ферментативному гидролизу (препараты «Целлолюкс-A» и «Ультрафло Коре»), совмещенному со спиртовым брожением (продуцент Saccharomyces сerevisiae Y-3136). Компонентный состав биоэтанола-сырца определен с помощью метода газожидкостной хроматографии. Примененная методология получения биоэтанола позволила получить биоэтанол-сырец с содержанием метанола не более 0,009 об.%, что в 10 раз ниже регламентируемых отраслевых норм. На чистоту образцов биоэтанола-сырца влияют два параметра: во-первых, стадийность предобработки (двустадийная предобработка позволяет в 4–21 раз снизить общее количество примесей в биоэтаноле-сырце по сравнению с одностадийной предобработкой), во-вторых, конкретный способ одностадийной предобработки (так, предобработка с помощью азотной кислоты позволяет получить в 5 раз более чистый биоэтанол-сырец, чем классическая щелочная делигнификация).

The study of volatile impurities in crude bioethanol is of great technical importance for further catalytic conversion of bioethanol to industrial chemicals, as well as of considerable significance in the prevention of potable alcohol adulteration. This study was the first to analyze volatile impurities in crude bioethanol obtained from giant miscanthus using three proprietary pretreatment methods. These methods are based on treating raw materials with dilute nitric acid solutions at atmospheric pressure. The classical method for the pretreatment of cellulose-containing non-wood raw materials – alkaline delignification with sodium hydroxide – was used as the reference method. The resulting substrates were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis (using Cellolux-A and Ultraflo Core preparations) together with alcoholic fermentation (using Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y-3136). The composition of crude bioethanol was determined using gas-liquid chromatography. The methodology used to produce bioethanol provided a means to obtain crude bioethanol with a methanol content of no more than 0.009 vol%, which is ten times lower than that regulated by industry codes. The purity of crude bioethanol samples is determined by two parameters: first, the number of pretreatment stages (two-stage pretreatment reduces the total amount of impurities in crude bioethanol by 4–21 times compared to single-stage pretreatment); second, a specific method of single-stage pretreatment (for example, pretreatment with nitric acid yields crude bioethanol with five times higher purity than in the case of the classical alkaline delignification).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.