vuzbiochemiИзвестия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнологияProceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology2227-29252500-1558ИРНИТУ10.21285/achb.1017NNSNOFvuzbiochemi-1609Research ArticleФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯPHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGYИспользование гидрогелей на основе поливинилового спирта для регенеративной медицины и тканевой инженерииApplication of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels in regenerative medicine and tissue engineeringhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2540-4525ДреминаН. Н.DreminaN. N.

Дремина Наталья Николаевна, к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник

664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Борцов Революции, 1

Natalya N. Dremina, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher

1, Bortsov Revolitsii St., Irkutsk, 664003

drema76@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0270-404XТруханИ. С.TrukhanI. S.

Трухан Ирина Сергеевна, к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник

664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Борцов Революции, 1

Irina S. Trukhan, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher

1, Bortsov Revolitsii St., Irkutsk, 664003

predel4@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-050XШурыгинаИ. А.ShuryginaI. A.

Шурыгина Ирина Александровна, д.м.н., профессор Российской академии наук, заместитель директора по научной работе

664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Борцов Революции, 1

Irina A. Shurygina, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director for Research

1, Bortsov Revolitsii St., Irkutsk, 664003

irinashurygina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5921-0318ШурыгинМ. Г.ShuryginM. G.

Шурыгин Михаил Геннадьевич, д.м.н., заведующий научно-лабораторным отделом

664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Борцов Революции, 1

Michael G. Shurygin, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Head of Research and Laboratory Department

1, Bortsov Revolitsii St., Irkutsk, 664003

mshurygin@gmail.comИркутский научный центр хирургии и травматологииРоссияIrkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and TraumatologyRussian Federation2026020420261613039Copyright © Дремина Н.Н., Трухан И.С., Шурыгина И.А., Шурыгин М.Г., 20262026Дремина Н.Н., Трухан И.С., Шурыгина И.А., Шурыгин М.Г.Dremina N.N., Trukhan I.S., Shurygina I.A., Shurygin M.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1609

Целью данного исследования являлось проведение аналитического обзора гидрогелей на основе поливинилового спирта, их применения в регенеративной медицине и тканевой инженерии. Поливиниловый спирт – синтетический биоразлагаемый полимер, не имеет запаха и вкуса, хорошо растворяется в горячей воде. В зависимости от степени полимеризации выделяют четыре группы: с низкой, средней, высокой и сверхвысокой молекулярной массой. В отношении биологических объектов поливиниловый спирт нетоксичен, поэтому имеет широкое применение в тканевой инженерии, в частности для изготовления гидрогелевых композиций. Получают гидрогели с помощью физических или химических методов сшивания, где физическому методу замораживания – оттаивания отдается предпочтение по простоте изготовления и отсутствию таких химических активаторов, как глутаровый альдегид, формальдегид, являющихся токсичными в отношении клеточных культур в тканевой инженерии. Гидрогели на основе поливинилового спирта широко применяют в регенеративной медицине и тканевой инженерии. Благодаря способности впитывать, удерживать большое количество жидкости и образовывать пленки гидрогели поливинилового спирта используют для лечения поврежденных кожных покровов. Данные гидрогели дополнительно нагружают мезенхимальными стволовыми клетками, имеющими способности к многолинейной дифференцировке, обладающими возможностью уменьшать воспалительную реакцию и рубцевание, индуцировать ангиогенез и регулировать ремоделирование внеклеточного матрикса. Также в гидрогели вводят ростовые факторы, стимулирующие целенаправленную клеточную дифференцировку для регенерации поврежденных костных, хрящевых, сухожильных тканей, и лекарственные препараты для таргетной терапии пролонгированного действия. Таким образом, благодаря настраиваемым физико-химическим свойствам гидрогели на основе поливинилового спирта считаются уникальными и имеют большие перспективы в регенеративной медицине и тканевой инженерии.

The present study aims to analyze polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels and their application in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Polyvinyl alcohol is a synthetic biodegradable polymer that has no smell or taste and readily dissolves in hot water. Depending on the degree of polymerization, four groups of polyvinyl alcohol can be distinguished: low, medium, high, and ultra-high molecular weight. Since polyvinyl alcohol is non-toxic to biological objects, it is widely used in tissue engineering, specifically in the production of hydrogel compositions. Hydrogels are obtained via physical or chemical cross-linking methods, with preference given to the physical freeze-thaw method due to its simplicity and the absence of such chemical activators as glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde, which are toxic to cell cultures in tissue engineering. Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels are widely used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Due to their ability to absorb and retain large amounts of fluid and form films, polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels are employed to treat damaged skin. Such hydrogels are additionally loaded with mesenchymal stem cells, which can differentiate into various cell types, reduce inflammatory reactions and scarring, induce angiogenesis, and regulate extracellular matrix remodeling. Also, hydrogels are loaded with growth factors that stimulate targeted cell differentiation for the regeneration of damaged bone, cartilage, and tendon tissues, as well as medicinal substances for targeted, long-acting therapy. Thus, due to their adjustable physicochemical properties, polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels are considered unique and offer great promise in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.