vuzbiochemiИзвестия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнологияProceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology2227-29252500-1558ИРНИТУ10.21285/achb.1026LMRWQYvuzbiochemi-1636Research ArticleФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯPHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGYБактериальная ассоциация Bacillus sp. MX3 и Ensifer adhaerens M1 для эффективной деструкцииперфторалкильных соединенийBacterial consortium of Bacillus sp. MX3 and Ensifer adhaerens M1 for efficient degradation of perfluoroalkyl compoundshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9681-5762СтариковС. Н.StarikovS. N.

Стариков Сергей Николаевич, младший научный сотрудник

450054, г. Уфа, пр. Октября, 69

Sergei N. Starikov, Junior Researcher

69, Oktyabrya Ave., Ufa, 450054

senik0406@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5567-2902ШариповД. А.SharipovD. A.

Шарипов Данил Альмирович, младший научный сотрудник

450054, г. Уфа, пр. Октября, 69

Danil A. Sharipov, Junior Researcher

69, Oktyabrya Ave., Ufa, 450054

Male886@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7961-1503ЧетвериковС. П.ChetverikovS. P.

Четвериков Сергей Павлович, д.б.н., заведующий лабораторией, ведущий научный сотрудник

450054, г. Уфа, пр. Октября, 69

Sergei P. Chetverikov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory, Leading Researcher

69, Oktyabrya Ave., Ufa, 450054

Che-kov@mail.ruУфимский институт биологии – обособленное структурное подразделение Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАНРоссияUfa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202602042026161101111Copyright © Стариков С.Н., Шарипов Д.А., Четвериков С.П., 20262026Стариков С.Н., Шарипов Д.А., Четвериков С.П.Starikov S.N., Sharipov D.A., Chetverikov S.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1636

Перфторалкильные соединения являются стойкими органическими загрязнителями, устойчивыми к природной деградации и представляющими угрозу для экосистем и здоровья человека. Цель проведенного исследования заключалась в оценке эффективности микробной ассоциации Bacillus sp. MX3 и Ensifer adhaerens M1 в разложении перфтороктансульфоновой (C8) и перфторнонановой (C9) кислот. Эксперименты проводили в жидкой среде и модельной почвенной системе. Деградацию оценивали по накоплению фторид-ионов (ионообменная хроматография) и снижению концентрации загрязнителей (жидкостная тандемная масс-спектрометрия). Геном штамма MX3 был секвенирован для выявления генов, потенциально вовлеченных в деградацию. В жидкой среде комбинация штаммов обеспечивала более интенсивное разложение соединений, чем монокультуры, достигая 8,6 мг/л (C8) и 8,7 мг/л (C9) фторид-ионов за 9 суток. В почве наибольшая эффективность деградации также наблюдалась при совместной аугментации M1 + MX3, обеспечивающей снижение концентрации C9 и C8 на 74 и 64% соответственно за 60 суток. Монокультура M1 снижала содержание C9 на 34% и C8 на 33%, а MX3 — на 42 и 52% соответственно. Секвенирование штамма MX3 выявило гены, участвующие в метаболизме перфтороктансульфоновой и перфторнонановой кислот: dehH1 (галоацетатдегалогеназа), CrcB (транспортер фторид-ионов) и SsuE (десульфонирование). Совместное действие штаммов M1 и MX3 повышает эффективность разложения соединений за счет кооперативных метаболических механизмов. Эти штаммы перспективны для биологической очистки загрязненных почв и воды.

As persistent organic pollutants that are resistant to natural degradation, perfluoroalkyl compounds pose a significant threat to ecosystems and human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a microbial consortium consisting of Bacillus sp. MX3 and Ensifer adhaerens M1 for the degradation of perfluorooctanesulfonic (C8) and perfluorononanoic (C9) acids. The experiments were conducted in liquid medium and in a model soil system. Degradation was assessed based on fluoride ion accumulation (ion chromatography) and the decrease in pollutant concentrations (liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry). The genome of strain MX3 was sequenced to identify genes potentially involved in degradation. In liquid medium, the combined use of the strains resulted in a more intensive degradation compared to monocultures, reaching 8.6 mg/L (C8) and 8.7 mg/L (C9) of fluoride ions over 9 days. In soil, the highest degradation effectiveness was also observed with co-augmentation of M1 + MX3, resulting in a 74 and 64% reduction in C9 and C8 concentrations, respectively, over 60 days. The M1 monoculture reduced C9 and C8 levels by 34 and 33%, respectively, while MX3 achieved reductions of 42% and 52%. Sequencing of strain MX3 revealed genes involved in the metabolism of perfluorooctanesulfonic and perfluorononanoic acids, including dehH1 (haloacetate dehalogenase), CrcB (fluoride ion transporter), and SsuE (desulfonation). The combined activity of M1 and MX3 strains enhances degradation effectiveness through cooperative metabolic mechanisms. These strains demonstrate substantial potential for the bioremediation of contaminated soils and water.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.