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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2019-9-2-232-238</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-194</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методы оценки коэффициентов активности сильных кислот в интервале концентраций от 1 до 10 моль/л</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methods for estimating the activity coefficients of strong acids across the concentration range from 1 to 10 mol/l</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Танганов</surname><given-names>Б. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tanganov</surname><given-names>B. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.х.н., профессор,</p><p>г. Улан-Удэ, Республика Бурятия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Professor,</p><p>Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanganov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заяханов</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zayakhanov</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор,</p><p>г. Улан-Удэ, Республика Бурятия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Professor,</p><p>Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zayakhanov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Битуев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bituyev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор,</p><p>г. Улан-Удэ, Республика Бурятия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Professor,</p><p>Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">psmi88@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Восточно-Сибирский государственный университет технологий и менеджмента</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East Siberian State University of Technology and Management</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>232</fpage><lpage>238</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Танганов Б.Б., Заяханов М.Е., Битуев А.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Танганов Б.Б., Заяханов М.Е., Битуев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tanganov B.B., Zayakhanov M.E., Bituyev A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/194">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/194</self-uri><abstract><p>В теории растворов сильных и слабых электролитов в водных и неводных растворах одной из важных характеристик является коэффициент активности отдельных ионов. Физический смысл среднеионного коэффициента заключается в отношении практического и теоретического коэффициентов активности. Если принять коэффициент активности равным 1,0, как в большинстве опубликованных в различных изданиях работ, в конечных расчетах можно получить многократные искаженные результаты γ±. Коэффициент активности есть мера отклонения реальных (практических, экспериментальных) параметров от идеальных, разработанных в первом приближении для разбавленных растворов неэлектролитов, где предполагается отсутствие каких-либо взаимодействий. Величины их в растворах высоких концентраций становятся порядка десятков. Тем не менее, имеется ряд фактических эмпирических данных о зависимости коэффициента активности электролитов от концентрации, причем при некоторых концентрациях наблюдается его минимальное значение. Значения коэффициентов в несколько десятков, то есть отклонений от идеальных параметров в десятки раз, сложно приспособить к законам для практического применения в растворах, где доминируют процессы ассоциации или других межмолекулярных взаимодействий. В данной работе описан ряд методов оценки среднеионных коэффициентов активности сильных кислот: хлороводородной, бромоводородной, иодоводородной, хлорной, азотной и серной кислот в диапазоне концентраций от 1 до 10 моль/л, основанные на концепциях нелинейного программирования и метода многоуровневого моделирования различных свойств и параметров как инструментов оценочных расчетов. Оцененные коэффициенты активности максимально близки или совпадают с имеющимися в литературе значениями при концентрациях от 1 до 10 моль/л.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The activity coefficient of individual ions is an important parameter in the theory of strong and weak electrolytes in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. The physical meaning of the average ion coefficient lies in the ratio of the practical and theoretical activity coefficients. If the activity coefficient is set equal to 1 .0, as in the majority of published works, the final calculations can present multiple distorted γ± results. The activity coefficient constitutes a measure of the deviation of real (practical or experimental) parameters from the ideal ones. Ideal parameters are calculated for dilute solutions of non-electrolytes, in which no interactions are assumed to occur. Activity coefficients in high-concentration solutions may reach the values of several tens. However, some empirical data has indicated the dependence of the activity coefficient of electrolytes on their concentration, with some concentrations showing its minimal values. The coefficients equal to several tens, i.e. describing deviations from ideal parameters by the factor of ten, are difficult to adapt for practical application in solutions where association processes or other intermolecular interactions dominate. The present paper describes a number of methods for estimating the average ionic activity coefficients of such strong acids as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, perchloric, nitric and sulphuric acids across the concentration range from 1 to 10 mol/l. These methods are based on the concepts of nonlinear programming and the method of multi-level modelling of various properties and parameters applied as a calculation tool. According to the performed calculations, the as-estimated activity coefficients of the acids under study are found to be in good agreement with the literature data for the concentration range from 1 to 10 mol/l.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>растворы электролитов</kwd><kwd>активность</kwd><kwd>коэффициент активности</kwd><kwd>методы расчетов коэффициента активности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electrolyte solutions</kwd><kwd>activity</kwd><kwd>activity coefficient</kwd><kwd>methods for calculating the activity coefficient</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Харнед Г., Оуэн Б. Физическая химия растворов электролитов / пер. с англ. И.И. Липилиной и М.С. Стахановой; под ред. А.Ф. Капустинского. М.: Изд-во иностр. лит., 1952. 628 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kharned G., Ouehn B. Harned H., Owen B. 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