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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2019-9-3-403-419</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-213</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ И ОБЩАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND GENERAL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лиофилизация вакцин, не содержащих живых микроорганизмов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lyophilisation of inactivated vaccines</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комиссаров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komissarov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., доцент, главный научный сотрудник;</p><p>профессор кафедры микробиологии, биотехнологии и химии,</p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher;</p><p>Professor, Microbiology, Biotechnology, and Chemistry Department,</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Komissarov-9@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бибиков</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bibikov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник,</p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Assistant,</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волох</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volokh</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., заведующая отделом, </p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. (Biology), Head of the Department,</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бадарин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Badarin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник,</p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher,</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицына</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyna</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher,</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костылева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostyleva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник,</p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher,</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифоров</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., доцент, заместитель директора;</p><p>профессор кафедры микробиологии, биотехнологии и химии,</p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Deputy Director;</p><p>Professor, Microbiology, Biotechnology, and Chemistry Department,</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»;&#13;
Саратовский государственный аграрный университет им. Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe»;&#13;
N.I. Vavilov Saratov State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>403</fpage><lpage>419</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Комиссаров А.В., Бибиков Д.Н., Волох О.А., Бадарин С.А., Синицына Н.В., Костылева Н.И., Никифоров А.К., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Комиссаров А.В., Бибиков Д.Н., Волох О.А., Бадарин С.А., Синицына Н.В., Костылева Н.И., Никифоров А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Komissarov A.V., Bibikov D.N., Volokh O.A., Badarin S.A., Sinitsyna N.V., Kostyleva N.I., Nikiforov A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/213">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/213</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен обзор отечественной и зарубежной научной и патентной литературы, а также нормативных документов, посвященных вопросам лиофилизации вакцин, не содержащих живых микроорганизмов. По данным Государственного реестра лекарственных средств выявлено, что все вакцины, не содержащие живых микроорганизмов и выпускаемые в сухой форме в Российской Федерации, получены путем сублимационного высушивания. Дано представление о качественном и количественном составе вспомогательных веществ (сред высушивания), применяемых при сублимационной сушке вакцин. Дан обзор особенностей основных этапов сублимационного высушивания (замораживание, сублимация (первичное высушивание) и десорбция (вторичное высушивание) и проанализированы их отличительные черты. Систематизированы сведения о вакцинах, не содержащих живых микроорганизмов, в форме лиофилизата, зарегистрированных в Российской Федерации. Представлена доступная информация о вакцинах, не содержащих живых микроорганизмов, в форме лиофилизата, производимых в США. При анализе литературных данных выявлено существенное разнообразие используемых вспомогательных веществ, применяемых при лиофилизации. Рассмотрено влияние на качество препаратов способа герметизации потребительской упаковки – в среде кислорода, инертного газа или под вакуумом. Отмечено, что для всего спектра производимых и зарегистрированных в России вакцин применена герметизация под вакуумом или в среде инертного газа (то есть в отсутствие кислорода). На ряде примеров показано воздействие технологических параметров процесса сублимационной сушки на качество препаратов. Показано, что на сохраняемость свойств вакцин при сублимационной сушке оказывает влияние ряд параметров, к основным из которых можно отнести скорость замораживания, а также температурно-временные параметры процессов первичной сушки и десорбции. Установлено, что правильный подбор качественно-количественных характеристик среды высушивания способствует сохранению целевых свойств лиофилизируемых препаратов. Проведенный анализ данных литературы позволяет учесть влияние описанных в обзоре параметров при разработке технологии производства иммунобиологических препаратов для профилактики и лечения инфекционных заболеваний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A review of national and foreign scientific and patent literature, as well as the regulatory documents on the lyophilisation of inactivated vaccines, is presented. According to the State Register of Medicinal Products, all inactivated vaccines produced in dried form in the Russian Federation are obtained by freeze-drying. The excipients (drying media) used in the freeze-drying of vaccines are evaluated in terms of their qualitative and quantitative composition. A review of the features of the main stages of freeze-drying processes, e.g. freezing, sublimation (primary drying) and desorption (secondary drying) is given alongside an analysis of their distinctive features. The information on inactivated vaccines in the lyophilisate form registered in the Russian Federation is systematised. Available information on inactivated vaccines produced in the United States in the form of a lyophilisate is also presented. An analysis of the literature data reveals a significant variety of excipients used in lyophilisation. The influence of the sealing method of consumer packaging on the quality of preparations is considered, i.e. either in the oxygen or inert gas media or under vacuum. It is noted that the entire range of vaccines produced and registered in Russia is sealed under vacuum or in inert gas (i.e. in the absence of oxygen). A number of examples are cited to demonstrate the effect of technological freeze -drying process parameters on the quality of the preparations. It is shown that the preservation of a vaccine's properties during freeze-drying is influenced by a number of parameters, including the freezing rate and the temperature-time parameters of the primary drying and desorption processes. It is established that the correct selection of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the drying medium contributes to the preservation of the target properties of lyophilised preparations. The analysis of literature data allows the influence of the parameters described in the review to be considered when developing the technology for the production of immunobiological preparations for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лиофилизация</kwd><kwd>вакцины</kwd><kwd>не содержащие живых микроорганизмов</kwd><kwd>вспомогательные вещества</kwd><kwd>технологические характеристики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lyophilisation</kwd><kwd>inactivated vaccines</kwd><kwd>excipients</kwd><kwd>technological characteristics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Plotkin S.A., Springer N.Y. History of Vaccine Development. New York: Springer, 2011. 364 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1339-5_6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotkin S.A., Springer N.Y. 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