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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2019-9-3-519-528</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-223</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ И ОБЩАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND GENERAL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Принципы дифференциального центрифугирования сложных смесей липидов в градиенте полярности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polarity gradient issues in differential centrifugation of complex lipid mixtures</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саркисян</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarkisyan</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. (Biology), Senior Researcher,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sarkisyan.varuzhan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник,</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">himic14@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипелин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipelin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник, </p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. (Medicine), Senior Researcher,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.shipelin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коденцова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kodentsova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник,</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Lead Researcher,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kodentsova@ion.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочеткова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetkova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор, заведующая лабораторией,</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Professor, Head of the Laboratory,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kochetkova@ion.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>519</fpage><lpage>528</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саркисян В.А., Фролова Ю.В., Шипелин В.А., Коденцова В.М., Кочеткова А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саркисян В.А., Фролова Ю.В., Шипелин В.А., Коденцова В.М., Кочеткова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sarkisyan V.A., Frolova Y.V., Shipelin V.A., Kodentsova V.M., Kochetkova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/223">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/223</self-uri><abstract><p>Фосфолипиды являются одним из важнейших классов природных регуляторов физиологических процессов, в связи с чем поиск способов их аналитического и препаративного разделения представляет значительный интерес. Целью данного исследования являлась разработка принципов дифференциального центрифугирования сложных смесей липидов на примере фосфолипидов. В работе были использованы расчетные методы оценки параметров растворимости Хансена для фосфолипидов, а также инструментальные методы исследования, в том числе: тензометрия (измерение плотности), динамическое лазерное светорассеяние (оценка размера частиц), ИК-спектроскопия с преобразованиями Фурье. Данные методы были применены к образцам фосфолипидов, выделенных из головного мозга телят. Охарактеризовано сродство изучаемых фосфолипидов к отдельным слоям растворителей. В результате проведенных работ была предложена математическая модель процесса дифференциального центрифугирования сложных смесей фосфолипидов в градиенте полярности растворителя на основе уравнений Нэрнста – Бруннэра и основного уравнения центрифугирования. Установлены оптимальные параметры процесса центрифугирования (1500 об./мин в течение 15 мин при температуре 2–4 °С). В результате анализа ИК-спектров были выявлены существенные отличия между веществами на каждом слое растворителя, обусловленные разделением классов фосфолипидов между слоями растворителей. Отмечено, что для повышения эффективности разделения сложных смесей фосфолипидов необходим дальнейший поиск новых комбинаций растворителей, способствующих более специфичному разделению смеси. Также актуальными для дальнейших исследований являются модификация объема слоев растворителей и определение его соотношения с объемом введенной суспензии. Учитывая аппаратурную простоту и низкую стоимость разработанного метода, его можно легко масштабировать на промышленные условия получения биологически активных веществ для включения их в состав пищевых продуктов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Since phospholipids are one of the most important classes of natural regulators of physiological processes, the search for methods allowing their analytical and preparative separation is of considerable interest. The aim of this study is to reveal principles underlying the differential centrifugation of complex lipid mixtures on the example of phospholipids. The current study uses calculation methods for estimating the Hansen solubility parameters for phospholipids, as well as instrumental research methods comprising tensometry (density measurement), dynamic laser light scattering (particle size evaluation) and IR spectroscopy with Fourier transformation. These methods were applied to samples of phospholipids isolated from calf brain tissue. The affinity of the studied phospholipids to individual solvent layers was characterised. As a result of the work performed, a mathematical model of the process of differential centrifugation of phospholipid complex mixtures in the gradient of solvent polarity is proposed on the basis of the Nernst-Brunner equations and main centrifugation equation. The established optimal parameters of the centrifugation process comprise 1500 rpm for 15 minutes at a temperature of 2–4 °С. IR spectral analysis revealed significant differences between the substances of each solvent layer, which are due to the separation of the phospholipid classes between the layers of solvents. The necessity for further research into new combinations of solvents contributing to a more specific separation of the mixture and aimed at increasing the separation efficiency of phospholipid complex mixtures, is justified. The volume modification of solvent layers and determination of its ratio with the volume of the introduced suspension also appear to be relevant further research directions. Given the simplicity and low cost of the hardware, the developed method can be easily scaled to industrial conditions for the production of biologically active substances for inclusion in food products.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фосфолипиды</kwd><kwd>дифференциальное центрифугирование</kwd><kwd>градиент полярности</kwd><kwd>параметры Хансена</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>phospholipids</kwd><kwd>differential centrifugation</kwd><kwd>polarity gradient</kwd><kwd>Hansen parameters</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет средств гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 14-16-00055).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orešič M., Hänninen V. A., Vidal-Puig A. Lipidomics: a new window to biomedical frontiers // Trends in biotechnology. 2008. 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