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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2019-9-4-750-758</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-268</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспериментальное исследование СВЧ-пиролиза торфа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microwave pyrolysis experimental study of peat</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крапивницкая</surname><given-names>Т. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krapivnitskaia</surname><given-names>T. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крапивницкая Татьяна Олеговна, аспирант</p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр-т Гагарина, 23</p><p>ведущий инженер</p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana O. Krapivnitskaia, Postgraduate Student</p><p>23, Gagarin Ave., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603022, Russian Federation,</p><p>Leading Engineer</p><p>46, Ul’yanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kto465@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богдашов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdashov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богдашов Александр Александрович, к.ф.-м.н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Bogdashov, Cand. (Physics and Mathematics), Senior Researcher</p><p>46, Ul’yanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bogdash@appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисенко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денисенко Андрей Николаевич, ведущий конструктор</p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова,46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Denisenko, Leading Designer</p><p>46, Ul’yanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">androu@appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глявин</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glyavin</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глявин Михаил Юрьевич, д.ф.-м.н., заведующий лабораторией микроволновой обработки материалов</p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Glyavin, Dr. Sci. (Physics), Head of Laboratory</p><p>46, Ul’yanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glyavin@appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Песков</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peskov</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Песков Николай Юрьевич, д.ф.-м.н., профессор РАН, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai Yu. Peskov, Dr. Sci. (Physics), Professor of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leading Researcher </p><p>46, Ul’yanov St., Nizhniy Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">peskov@appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенычева</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenycheva</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенычева Людмила Леонидовна, д.х.н., заведующая лабораторией нефтехимии</p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр-т Гагарина, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila L. Semenycheva, Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Head of Laboratory </p><p>23, Gagarin Ave., Nizhniy Novgorod 603022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">llsem@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ворожцов</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorozhtcov</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ворожцов Дмитрий Леонидович, к.х.н., ведущий инженер</p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр-т Гагарина, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy L. Vorozhtcov Cand. (Chemistry), Leading Engineer </p><p>23, Gagarin Ave., Nizhniy Novgorod 603022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmvorozh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладной физики РАН; &#13;
Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences; &#13;
Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладной физики РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>750</fpage><lpage>758</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крапивницкая Т.О., Богдашов А.А., Денисенко А.Н., Глявин М.Ю., Песков Н.Ю., Семенычева Л.Л., Ворожцов Д.Л., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крапивницкая Т.О., Богдашов А.А., Денисенко А.Н., Глявин М.Ю., Песков Н.Ю., Семенычева Л.Л., Ворожцов Д.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krapivnitskaia T.O., Bogdashov A.A., Denisenko A.N., Glyavin M.Y., Peskov N.Y., Semenycheva L.L., Vorozhtcov D.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/268">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/268</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена исследованию деструкции верхового сфагнового торфа под воздействием микроволнового излучения. Для анализа физико-химических процессов создана лабораторная установка на основе коаксиального резонатора-реактора, геометрия которого обеспечивает однородное распределение СВЧ-поля в объеме реактора. В качестве источника СВЧ-излучения использовался промышленный магнетрон с частотой 2,45 ГГц мощностью до 1 кВт. При лабораторных исследованиях с относительно небольшим объемом торфа (~100 г) достоинством созданной установки является возможность быстрого достижения температуры, необходимой для осуществления реакции пиролиза при относительно малом уровне СВЧ-мощности, который в данных экспериментах составлял около 100 Вт. Анализ полученных в ходе реакции продуктов производился на хромато-масс-спектрометре. Проводимые исследования направлены на создание высокоэффективных экологически чистых технологий переработки биотоплива с высоким выходом горючих газов, пригодных для дальнейшего использования в промышленных энергетических установках, а также получения смолистой фракции для создания легких углеводородов и углеродистого остатка для современных высокоэффективных сорбентов. На основе созданной экспериментальной установки проведены исследования мягкого СВЧ-пиролиза торфа при температуре 250 °С в условиях постоянного отвода газообразных продуктов реакции. Получены и проанализированы образцы твердой, жидкой и газовой фаз, представляющие собой ценный углеродистый остаток, маслянистую фракцию и пиролизный газ. В статье анализируется возможность промышленного применения продуктов реакции. Проведено сравнение химического состава продуктов реакции при СВЧ-пиролизе и «традиционном» пиролизе с термическим нагревом. Показано, что в составе выделившихся в процессе СВЧ-пиролиза газов отсутствуют тяжелые ядовитые газы, которые во множестве сопровождают процесс «традиционного» термического пиролиза. Снижение количества ядовитых газов улучшает экологическую составляющую производства. Указанное обстоятельство свидетельствует о перспективности СВЧ-пиролиза для промышленной переработки органических материалов.</p><p>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The work is devoted to the study of the destruction of the top sphagnum peat layer due to microwave radiation. For the analysis of physical and chemical processes, a laboratory setup was created on the basis of a coaxial resonator-reactor having a geometry that ensures a uniform distribution of the microwave field in the reactor volume. An industrial magnetron having a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a power of up to 1 kW was used as a source of microwave radiation. In laboratory studies with a relatively small amount of peat (~ 100 g), the advantage of the created setup consists in the ability to quickly achieve the necessary temperature for the pyrolysis reaction at a relatively low level of microwave power (~ 100 W) in these experiments. The analysis of the products obtained during the reaction was carried out using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer. The research was aimed at creating highly-efficient environmentallyfriendly technologies for processing biofuels characterised by a high yield of combustible gases suitable for further use in industrial power plants, as well as for obtaining a resinous fraction for the production of light hydrocarbons and a carbon residue for modern highly efficient sorbents. On the basis of the experimental setup, studies were carried out on soft microwave pyrolysis of peat at a temperature of 250 °C under constant removal of gaseous reaction products. Samples of solid, liquid and gas phases presenting valuable carbon residues, oily fractions and a pyrolysis gas, respectively, were obtained and analysed. The article examines the possibility for industrial application of reaction products. The chemical composition of the r eaction products during both microwave and “traditional” pyrolysis with thermal heating is compared. The composition of the gases released during microwave pyrolysis is characterised by the absence of heavy toxic gases often accompanying the process of “traditional” thermal pyrolysis. Reducing the amount of toxic gases improves the environmental component of production. This circumstance indicates the prospects of microwave pyrolysis for industrial processing of organic materials.</p><p>The authors declare no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this article.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроволновый пиролиз торфа</kwd><kwd>высокотехнологичная обработка органических материалов</kwd><kwd>мощное микроволновое излучение</kwd><kwd>возобновляемые источники энергии</kwd><kwd>энергосберегающие экологически чистые технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microwave pyrolysis</kwd><kwd>peat</kwd><kwd>high-tech processing of organic materials</kwd><kwd>powerful microwave radiation</kwd><kwd>renewable energy sources</kwd><kwd>energy-saving environmentally friendly technologies</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена с использованием оборудования ЦКП «Новые материалы и ресурсосберегающие технологии» и при поддержке гранта «Умник-2017» № 13188/2018 и программы фундаментальных научных исследований № 0035-2019-0001.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was carried out using the equipment of the CCP "New materials and resource-saving technologies" and with the support of the grant "Umnik-2017" No. 13188/2018 and programs of fundamental scientific research No. 0035-2019-0001.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гунич С.В., Янчуковская Е.В. 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