vuzbiochemiИзвестия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнологияProceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology2227-29252500-1558ИРНИТУ10.21285/2227-2925-2020-10-1-14-20vuzbiochemi-323Research ArticleХИМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИCHEMICAL SCIENCESСульфонатсодержащие сополимеры на основе винилиденхлорида и стиролаVinylidene chloride- and styrene-based sulphonate-containing copolymersУрумовА. С.UrumovA. V.

Урумов Андрей Васильевич - аспирант кафедры химической технологии.

664074, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83.

Andrey V. Urumov - Postgraduate Student, Chemical Technology Department Irkutsk National Research Technical University.

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074.

aurum1975@yandex.ruШаглаеваН. С.ShaglaevaN. S.

Шаглаева Нина Савельевна - доктор химических наук, профессор кафедры химической технологии.

664074, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83.

Nina S. Shaglaeva - Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Professor, Chemical Technology Department Irkutsk National Research Technical University.

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074.

ShaglaevaNS@yandex.ruПодгорбунскаяТ. А.PodgorbunskayaT. A.

Подгорбунская Татьяна Анатольевна - кандидат химических наук, доцент кафедры химической технологии.

664074, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83.

Tatiana A. Podgorbunskaya - Cand. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor, Chemical Technology Department, Irkutsk National Research Technical University.

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074.

tpodgor@istu.eduБаяндинВ. В.BayandinV. V.

Баяндин Виктор Владимирович - кандидат химических наук, доцент кафедры химической технологии.

664074, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83.

Victor V. Bayandin - Cand. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor, Chemical Technology Department, Irkutsk National Research Technical University.

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074.

bayandinvv@yandex.ruИркутский национальный исследовательский технический университетРоссияIrkutsk National Research Technical UniversityRussian Federation2020310320201011420Copyright © Урумов А.С., Шаглаева Н.С., Подгорбунская Т.А., Баяндин В.В., 20202020Урумов А.С., Шаглаева Н.С., Подгорбунская Т.А., Баяндин В.В.Urumov A.V., Shaglaeva N.S., Podgorbunskaya T.A., Bayandin V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/323

Поливинилхлорид и поливинилиденхлорид не имеют коммерческого применения в чистом виде из-за высокой температуры размягчения (185–200 °С) и отсутствия подходящего растворителя для получения покрытия (пленки) из растворов. Поэтому винилхлорид и винилиденхлорид используются в основном для получения сополимеров, которые имеют более низкую температуру текучести и лучшую растворимость, чем гомополимеры. Полимерные материалы на основе сополимеров винилхлорида и винилиденхлорида находят самое широкое применение, наблюдается устойчивая тенденция к увеличению их производства. В последнее время интенсивно развиваются исследования по прививке мономера на полимерную основу сополимеров винилхлорида и винилиденхлорида путем образования на ней свободных радикалов в результате реакции переноса атома хлора на инициирующий агент с последующим сульфированием. Мембраны, полученные из растворов привитых сополимеров, имеют высокие значения протонной проводимости, поэтому их использование в топливных элементах является перспективным. Для создания таких мембран необходимо проведение исследований по синтезу сополимеров винилиденхлорида и замещению атомов хлора в этих сополимерах на сульфокислотные группы. В рамках данной работы радикальной сополимеризацией получены сополимеры винилиденхлорида со стиролом и исследовано замещение атомов хлора в синтезированном сополимере на сульфокислотные группы. Состав и строение сополимеров охарактеризованы с помощью данных элементного анализа и ИК-спектроскопии.

Значения констант сополимеризации свидетельствуют о большей реакционной способности сти-рола по сравнению с винилиденхлоридом. Установлено, что реакция взаимодействия сополимера винилиденхлорида и стирола с сульфидом натрия сопровождается дегидрохлорированием вини-лиденхлоридных звеньев. Образующиеся в результате элимирования двойные связи в макромолекуле приводят к пространственным структурам модифицированного сополимера.

Bare polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinylidene chloride are not commercially used due to their high softening point (185–200 ºС) and the absence of a suitable solvent for obtaining coatings (films) from their solutions.  Therefore, vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride are mainly applied in the production of copolymers having a lower pour point and better solubility as compared to homopolymers. Polymer materials based on copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride are widely used in a number of industrial applications. Recent research has been focused on monomer rafting onto a vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride copolymer base by the formation of free radicals as a result of the transfer reaction of a chlorine atom to an initiating agent followed by sulphonation. Membranes obtained from solutions of grafted copolymers possess high proton conductivity values resulting in their perspective application for fuel cell manufacture. In order to obtain such membranes, it is necessary to carry out studies on the synthesis of vinylidene chloride copolymers and the substitution of chlorine atoms with sulphonic acid groups in these copolymers. In the framework of this work, vinylidene chloride and styrene copolymers were obtained by radical copolymerisation. The substitution of chlorine atoms by sulphonic acid groups in the synthesised copolymer was studied. The composition and structure of the copolymers were characterised using elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy data. The co-polymerisation values indicate a greater reactivity of styrene in comparison with vinylidene chloride. The interaction of a vinylidene chloride copolymer and styrene with sodium sulphide is accompanied by dehydrochlorination of vinylidene chloride units. The spatial modified copolymer structures are generated by double bonds formed as a result of elimination in a macromolecule.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.