<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2021-11-2-236-243</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-600</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микробиологическая оценка процесса ускоренной твердофазной ферментации органического сырья</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microbiologic assessment of accelerated solid-state fermentation of agricultural organic wastes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомичева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomicheva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фомичева Наталья Викторовна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>170530, Тверская обл., Калининский р-н, п. Эммаус, 27.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Fomicheva - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, VNIIMZ - branch of FRC V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute.</p><p>27, Emmauss Village, Kalininsky District, 170530, Tver Region.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nvfomi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рабинович</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabinovich</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рабинович Галина Юрьевна – доктор биологических наук, профессор, директор.</p><p>170530, Тверская обл., Калининский р-н, п. Эммаус, 27.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina Yu. Rabinovich - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Director of VNIIMZ - branch of FRC V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute.</p><p>27, Emmauss Village, Kalininsky District, 170530, Tver Region.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">2016vniimz-noo@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прутенская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prutenskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прутенская Екатерина Анатольевна - кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры биотехнологии, химии и стандартизации.</p><p>170026, Тверь, наб. А. Никитина, 22.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Prutenskaya - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standartization, Tver State Technical University.</p><p>22, A. Nikitin St., Tver, 170026.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prutenskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Ю. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>Yu. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Юлия Дмитриевна – кандидат биологических наук, заместитель директора по науке.</p><p>170530, Тверская обл., Калининский р-н, п. Эммаус, 27.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia D. Smirnova - Ph.D. (Biology), Deputy Director for Science, VNIIMZ - branch of FRC V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute.</p><p>27, Emmauss Village, Kalininsky District, 170530, Tver Region.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulayad@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тверской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>236</fpage><lpage>243</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фомичева Н.В., Рабинович Г.Ю., Прутенская Е.А., Смирнова Ю.Д., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фомичева Н.В., Рабинович Г.Ю., Прутенская Е.А., Смирнова Ю.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fomicheva N.V., Rabinovich G.Y., Prutenskaya E.A., Smirnova Y.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/600">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/600</self-uri><abstract><p>Отходы животноводства и птицеводства при рациональном подходе становятся сырьем для производства органических удобрений. Во Всероссийском научно-исследовательском институте мелиорированных земель - филиале ФИЦ «Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева», предложена схема ускоренной твердофазной ферментации навоза крупного рогатого скота с торфом: 48 ч при 37 °С, затем 48 ч при 60 °С, далее 24 ч при 37 °С, завершающаяся естественным остыванием ферментируемой массы. Отличительная черта ускоренной ферментации - искусственное поддержание заданных температур. Цель работы - провести микробиологическую оценку процесса ускоренной твердофазной ферментации. Эксперимент проводили в лабораторном ферментере объемом 1,75 дм3. В процессе ферментации изучали численность микроорганизмов, использующих органические и минеральные формы азота (методом предельных разведений), а также видовую принадлежность микробоценоза (методом масс-спектрометрии). Результаты исследований показали, что температурный режим основных этапов процесса ферментации обеспечивал максимальную численность мезофильных и термофильных азоттрансформирующих микроорганизмов. Их активное развитие способствовало интенсивной трансформации ферментируемой смеси, о чем свидетельствовали мезофильный и термофильный коэффициенты минерализации. По линейным коэффициентам минерализации в конце процесса судили о завершении процессов трансформации и стабилизации продукта ферментации. Продукт ферментации характеризовался высокой численностью азоттрансформирующих микроорганизмов - в среднем 3,5±0,3•108 КОЕ/г абсолютно сухого вещества. Определение родовой принадлежности микробоценоза ферментируемой массы и конечного продукта подтвердило, что температурный режим проведения процесса обеспечивал уничтожение санитарно-показательных микроорганизмов, изначально присутствующих в исходной смеси (Е. coli, Citrobacter, Proteus), и начиная с пастеризационного периода способствовал активному развитию непатогенных и неболезнетворных бактерий рода Bacillus (B. megaterium, B. subtilis, B. licheniformic, B. pumilus и B. altitudinis). Микробиологическая оценка полученного продукта ферментации позволяет рекомендовать его к использованию в качестве экологически безопасного органического удобрения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Livestock and poultry wastes, when effectively managed, become feedstock for organic fertiliser production. Researchers from the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands, the branch of Federal Research Center “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”, proposed an accelerated regimen of cattle manure solid-phase fermentation with peat: 48 h at 37 °C, then 48 h at 60 °C and 24 h at 37 °C, terminating with nat-ural cooling of the fermented mass. A distinctive feature of the proposed accelerated fermentation is maintenance of set-point temperatures. The aim of the work is to perform a microbiological evaluation of the process of accelerated solid-phase fermentation. An experiment was carried out in a 1.75 dm3 laboratory fermenter. During the fermentation, we studied the number of microorganisms, which use organic and mineral nitrogen forms, using the limiting dilution method, as well as the species membership by mass spectrometry. The experimental findings showed that the temperature regime of the main fermentation steps yielded the maximum number of mesophilic and thermophilic nitrogen-transforming microorganisms. Their active growth caused the intensive transformation of the fermented mixture, as evidenced by mesophilic and thermophilic mineralisation coefficients. At the end of the process, the linear mineralisation coefficients were used to assess the completion of the fermentation product transformation and stabilisation. The fermentation product comprised a high number of nitrogen-transforming microorganisms (on average, 3.5±0.3•108 COE/g on a dry weight basis). The determination of the microbiota species membership in the fermented mass and the final product confirmed that the process temperature regime ensured the elimination of the sanitary-indicatory microorganisms present in the original mixture (E. coli, Citrobacter, Proteus). In addition, during pasteurisation, this regime led to the active development of non-pathogenic Bacillus bacteria (B. megaterium, B. subtilis, B. licheniformic, B. pumilus and B. altitudinis). The fermentation product is recommended for use as an environmentally safe organic fertiliser based on the microbiological evaluation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроорганизмы</kwd><kwd>мезофилы</kwd><kwd>термофилы</kwd><kwd>навоз</kwd><kwd>коэффициент минерализации</kwd><kwd>ускоренная ферментация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microorganisms</kwd><kwd>mesophiles</kwd><kwd>thermophiles</kwd><kwd>manure</kwd><kwd>mineralisation coefficient</kwd><kwd>accelerated fermentation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shuhang W.U., Zhenfang J., Qingying Y.U. Progress in technologies of the composting animal manure // Acta Agriculturae Shanghai. 2003. Vol. 19. Issue 1. P. 50-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shuhang WU, Zhenfang J, Qingying YU. Progress in technologies of the composting animal manure. Acta Agriculturae Shanghai. 2003;19(1):50-52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фомичева Н.В., Рабинович Г.Ю., Молчанов В.П., Сульман Э.М. Современные технологии биопереработки возобновляемых сырьевых ресурсов // Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Биология и экология. 2018. N 2. С. 263-273.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fomicheva NV, Rabinovich GYu, Molchanov VP, Sulman EM. Modern technologies of bioprocessing of renewable raw material resources. Vestnik Tverskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Biologiya i ekologiya = Bulletin of Tver State University. Series: Biology and Ecology. 2018;2: 263-273. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванов А.И., Лапа В.В., Ковалев Н.Г., Иванов И.А., Рабинович Г.Ю., Иванов Д.А. [и др.]. Производство, изучение и применение удобрений на основе птичьего помета / под общ. ред. А.И. Иванова. СПб.: ФГБНУ АФИ, 2018. 317 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanov AI, Lapa VV, Kovalev NG, Ivanov IA, Rabinovich GYu, Ivanov DA, et al. Manufacturing, investigation and application of fertilizers based on the chicken manure. St. Petersburg: Izdatel'stvo Agrofizicheskogo nauchno-issledovatel'skogo instituta; 2018. 317 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petric I., Selimbasic V. Composting of poultry manure and wheat straw in a closed reactor: optimum mixture ratio and evolution of parameters // Biodegradation. 2008. Vol. 19. Issue 1. P. 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-007-9114-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petric I, Selimbasic V. Composting of poultry manure and wheat straw in a closed reactor: optimum mixture ratio and evolution of parameters. Biodegradation. 2008;19(1):53-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-007-9114-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. № 2112764, Российская Федерация. Способ приготовления компоста многоцелевого назначения / Н.Г. Ковалев, Б.М. Малинин, И.П. Туманов; патентообладатель Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственного использования мелиорированных земель; заявл. 22.01.1997; опубл. 10.06.1998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalev NG, Malinin BM, Tumanov IP. Method of producing multitarget composts. Patent RF, no. 2112764; 1997. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vuorinen A.H., Saharinen M.H. Effects of process conditions on composting efficiency and nitrogen immobilization during composting of manure in a drum composting system // Acta Horticulturae. 1998. Vol. 469. P. 89-96. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1998.469.8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vuorinen AH, Saharinen MH. Effects of process conditions on composting efficiency and nitrogen immobilization during composting of manure in a drum composting system. Acta Horticulturae. 1998;469:89-96. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1998.469.8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uvarov R., Briukhanov A., Shalavina E. Study results of mass and nutrient loss in technologies of different composting rate: case of bedding poultry manure. In: Engineering for Rural Development: 15th international scientific conference. 25-27 Maj 2016, Jelgava. Jelgava, Latvia University of Agriculture. P. 851-857.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uvarov R, Briukhanov A, Shalavina E. Study results of mass and nutrient loss in technologies of different composting rate: case of bedding poultry manure. In: Engineering for Rural Development: Proceedings of 15th International Scientific Conference. 25-27 Maj 2016, Jelgava. Jelgava, Latvia University of Agriculture, p. 851-857.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шалавина Е.В., Брюханов А.Ю., Васильев Э.В., Уваров Р.А., Валге А.М. Биоферментация органических отходов свиноводческого комплекса в установке барабанного типа // Аграрная наука. 2020. N 6. C. 51-56. https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020-339-6-51-56</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shalavina EV, Briukhanov AYu, Vasilev EV, Uvarov RA, Valge AM. Biofermentation of organic waste from a pig-breeding complex in a drum-type installation. Agrarnaya nauka = Agrarian science. 2020;6;51-56. (In Russian) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020-339-6-51-56</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лопес де Гереню В.О., Курганова И.Н. Физико-химические и микробиологические аспекты процесса аэробного компостирования // Вестник Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук. 1995. N 4. С. 51-54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopes de Gerenyu VO, Kurganova IN. Physicochemical and microbiological aspects of the aerobic composting process. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii sel'skokhozyaistvennykh nauk. 1995;4:51-54. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ковалев Н.Г., Рабинович Г.Ю. Микробиологические особенности аэробной ферментации // Доклады Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук. 1999. N 3. С. 23-25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalev NG, Rabinovich GVu. Microbiological features of aerobic fermentation. Doklady Rossiiskoi akademii sel'skokhozyaistvennykh nauk. 1999;3:23-25. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рабинович Г.Ю., Ковалев Н.Г., Фомичева Н.В. Новый вид биологически активных средств: получение, состав, перспективы использования // Вестник Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук. 2007. N 3. С. 71-73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rabinovich GVu, Kovalev NG, Fomicheva NV. A new kind of biologically active means: production, composition, prospects of application. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii sel'skokhozyaistvennykh nauk. 2007;3:71-73. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sasakova N., Venglovsky J., Papajova I., Juris P., Ondrasovicova O., Ondrasovic M., et al. Vplyv teploty na prezivanie vybranych skupin mikroorganizmov pocas kompostovania hydinoveho trusu // Slovensky Veterinarsky Casopis. 2010. Vol. 35. Issue 1. P. 43-47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sasakova N, Venglovsky J, Papajova I, Juris P, Ondrasovicova O, Ondrasovic M, Lacticova K, Gregova G. The effect of temperature on microorganism surviving during composting of poultry manure. Slovensky Veterinarsky Casopis. 2010;35(1): 43-47. (In Slovenian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lung A.J., Lin C.M., Kim J.M., Marshall M.R., Nordstedt R., Thompson N.P., et al. Destruction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis in cow manurecomposting // Journal of Food Protection. 2001. Vol. 64. Issue 9. P. 13091314. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.9.1309</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lung AJ, Lin CM, Kim JM, Marshall MR, Nordstedt R, Thompson NP, et al. Destruction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis in cow manurecomposting. Journal of Food Protection. 2001;64(9):1309-1314. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.9.1309</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saludes R.B., Iwabuchi K., Kayanuma A., Shiga T. Composting of dairy cattle manure using a thermophilic-mesophilic sequence // Biosystems Engineering. 2007. Vol. 98. Issue 2. P. 198-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2007.07.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saludes RB, Iwabuchi K, Kayanuma A, Shiga T. Composting of dairy cattle manure using a thermophilic-mesophilic sequence. Biosystems Engineering. 2007;98(2):198-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2007.07.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Vliet P.C.J., Reijs J.W., Bloem J., Dijkstra J., de Goede R.G.M., Effects of cow diet on the microbial community and organic matter and nitrogen content of feces // Journal of Dairy Science. 2007. Vol. 90. Issue 11. P. 5146-5158. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0065</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Vliet PCJ, Reijs JW, Bloem J, Dijkstra J, de Goede RGM. Effects of cow diet on the microbial community and organic matter and nitrogen content of feces. Journal of Dairy Science. 2007;90(11): 5146-5158. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0065</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архипченко И.А., Бакина Л.Г., Брюханов А.Ю., Орлова О.В., Тарасов С.И. Трансформации микробного сообщества и органического субстрата при аэробной ферментации помета // Экология и промышленность России. 2020. Т. 24. N 8. С. 22-27. https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-8-22-27</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arkhipchenko IA, Bakina LG, Bruhanov AYu, Orlova OV, Tarasov SI. Transformation in the microbial community and of organic substrate during aerobic fermentation of manure. Ekologia i promyshlennost Rossii = Ecology and Industry of Russia. 2020;24(8):22-27. (In Russian) https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-8-22-27</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Varma V.S., Das S., Sastri C.V., Kalamdhd A.S. Microbial degradation of lignocellulosic fractions during drum composting of mixed organic waste // Sustainable Enviroment Research. 2017. Vol. 27. Issue 6. P. 265-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2017.05.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varma VS, Das S, Sastri CV, Kalamdhd AS. Microbial degradation of lignocellulosic fractions during drum composting of mixed organic waste. Sustainable Enviroment Research. 2017;27(6):265-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2017.05.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sasaki H., Nonaka J., Otawa K., Kitazu-me O., Asano R., Sasaki T., et al. Analysis of the structure of the bacterial community in the livestock manure-based composting process // Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2009. Vol. 22. Issue 1. P. 113-118. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2009.70658</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sasaki H, Nonaka J, Otawa K, Kitazume O, Asano R, Sasaki T, et al. Analysis of the structure of the bacterial community in the livestock manurebased composting process. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2009;22(1):113-118. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2009.70658</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang J.-C., Kanamori T., Inoue Y., Yasuta T., Yoshida S., Katayama A. Changes in the microbial community structure during thermophilic composting of manure as detected by the quinone profile method // Process Biochemistry. 2004. Vol. 39. Issue 12. P. 1999-2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2003.09.029</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tang J-C, Kanamori T, Inoue Y, Yasuta T, Yoshida S, Katayama A. Changes in the microbial community structure during thermophilic composting of manure as detected by the quinone profile method. Process Biochemistry. 2004;39(12):1999-2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2003.09.029</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gutierrez-Manero F.J., Ramos-Solano B., Probanza A., Mehouachi J., Tadeo F.R., Talon M. The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus licheniformis produce high mounts of physiologically active gibberellins // Physiologia Plantarum. 2ОО1. Vol. 111. Issue 2. P. 206-211. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1110211.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gutierrez-Manero FJ, Ramos-Solano B, Probanza A, Mehouachi J, Tadeo FR, Talon M. The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus licheniformis produce high mounts of physiologically active gibberellins. Physiologia Plantarum. 2001;111(2):206-211. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1110211.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Михайлова Н.А., Гринько О.М. Бактерии рода Bacillus - продуценты биологически активных веществ антимикробного действия // Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии. 2010. N 3. С. 85-89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhaylova NA, Grinko OM. Bacillus genus bacteria are producers of biologically active compounds with antimicrobial effect. Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologi = Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology. 2010;3;85-89. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
