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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2021-11-4-627-641</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-713</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптические свойства медов: методы ИК-Фурье спектроскопии и рефрактометрии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optical properties of honey: FTIR spectroscopy and refractometry</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8609-9950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечипоренко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechiporenko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алла Павловна Нечипоренко, д.х.н., профессор</p><p>197101, г. С.-Петербург, Кронверский пр-т, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla P. Nechiporenko, Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Professor</p><p>49, Kronverkskii Ave., St. Petersburg, 191002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">allanech2512@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Везо</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vezo</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Сергеевна Везо, инженер, Центр диагностики функциональных материалов для медицины, фармакологии и наноэлектроники, Научный парк</p><p>199034, г. С.-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7-9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Vezo, Engineer, Center for Diagnostics of Functional Materials for Medicine, Pharmacology and Nanoelectronics, Science Park</p><p>7-9, Universitetskaya emb., St. Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.vezo@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4102-1129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечипоренко</surname><given-names>У. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechiporenko</surname><given-names>U. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульяна Юрьевна Нечипоренко, биохимик</p><p>196106, г. С.-Петербург, ул. Благодатная, 18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulyana Yu. Nechiporenko, Biochemist</p><p>18, Blagodatnaya St., St. Petersburg, 196106</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">unechiporenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3143-7630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотникова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Валерьевна Плотникова, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>199034, г. С.-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7-9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila V. Plotnikova, Senior Researcher</p><p>7-9, Universitetskaya emb., St. Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ljusja@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4753-976X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситникова</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitnikova</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вера Евгеньевна Ситникова, к.х.н., доцент</p><p>197101, г. С.-Петербург, Кронверкский пр-т, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera E. Sitnikova, Cand. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor</p><p>49, Kronverkskii Ave., St. Petersburg, 191002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kresenka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3242-1526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Украинцева</surname><given-names>П. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukraintseva</surname><given-names>P. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Ильинична Украинцева, бакалавр</p><p>197101, г. С.-Петербург, Кронверкский пр-т, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina I. Ukraintseva, Bachelor</p><p>49, Kronverkskii Ave., St. Petersburg, 191002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polina.ukraintseva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-2003</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотников</surname><given-names>П. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikov</surname><given-names>P. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петр Петрович Плотников, магистр</p><p>199034, г. С.-Петербург,Университетская наб., 7-9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr P. Plotnikov, Master Student</p><p>7-9, Universitetskaya emb., St. Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petyaplotnikov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Независимая лаборатория «ИНВИТРО СПб.»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Independent laboratory "INVITRO SPb."</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>627</fpage><lpage>641</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нечипоренко А.П., Везо О.С., Нечипоренко У.Ю., Плотникова Л.В., Ситникова В.Е., Украинцева П.И., Плотников П.П., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нечипоренко А.П., Везо О.С., Нечипоренко У.Ю., Плотникова Л.В., Ситникова В.Е., Украинцева П.И., Плотников П.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nechiporenko A.P., Vezo O.S., Nechiporenko U.Y., Plotnikova L.V., Sitnikova V.E., Ukraintseva P.I., Plotnikov P.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/713">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/713</self-uri><abstract><p>Методами инфракрасной спектроскопии нарушенного полного внутреннего отражения, рефрактометрии и биохимического анализа проведено исследование 115 образцов меда разного ботанического вида, географического происхождения и года сбора (2019–2021 гг.). Исследовались образцы исходных медов в жидком и закристаллизованном состоянии. В качестве вспомогательных веществ были использованы кристаллические препараты D-глюкопиранозы (глюкозы), D-фруктопиранозы (фруктозы), их 40%-ые растворы и инвертированный сахар. Методом биохимического анализа определено содержание глюкозы в выборке медов. На основании полученных данных установлена связь между результатами биохимического анализа и рефрактометрии (показатель преломления, содержание инвертированных сахаров, влажность). Получены уравнения, позволяющее оценить содержание глюкозы и фруктозы в медах по рефрактометрическому показателю. Исследование медов методом ИК-спектроскопии показало, что весь набор исследованных образцов медов, независимо от ботанического вида и географии их происхождения, может быть представлен тремя группами c преобладанием: I – глюкозы, II – фруктозы и III – переходная, с близким содержанием двух моносахаридов. Это позволило идентифицировать полосы, обусловленные α- и β-пиранозными формами глюкозы и фруктозы, а также оценить характер их изменения в зависимости от соотношения обоих моносахаридов в медах в результате их кристаллизации. Отмечено, что соотношение моносахаридов предопределяет не только устойчивость жидкокристаллической структуры медов и скорость кристаллизации, но и их оптические, биохимические, пищевые свойства, которые важны для предпочтительного использования медов в медицинской и фармакопейной практике, диетологии, косметологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>115 samples of honey of various botanical types, geographical origin and harvest year (2019– 2021) were analysed using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy of impaired total reflection, refractometry and biochemical analysis. Initial honey samples in liquid and crystallised states were investigated. Crystalline D-glucopyranose (glucose), D-fructopyranose (fructose), their 40% solutions and invert sugar were used as auxiliary substances. Biochemical analysis was used to determine the glucose content in honey samples. Based on the obtained data, a relationship between the results of biochemical analysis and refractometry (refractive index, the content of invert sugars, humidity) was established. We deduced equations that allow the content of glucose and fructose in honey to be evaluated by the refractive index. Studying honey by IR spectroscopy showed that all investigated samples, regardless of the botanical and geographical origins, can be classified into three groups dominated by: I – glucose, II – fructose and III – mixed, with a close content of two monosaccharides. This allowed the bands characteristic of α- and β-pyranose forms of glucose and fructose to be identified, as well as the nature of their changes depending on the ratio of both monosaccharides in honey as a result of their crystallisation to be assessed. It is noted that the ratio of monosaccharides determines not only the stability of the liquid crystal structure and crystallisation rate in honey but also their optical, biochemical and nutritional properties, which are important for the preferred use of honey in medical and pharmacopoeial practice, dietetics and cosmetology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>монофлерные и полифлерные меды</kwd><kwd>моносахариды</kwd><kwd>α- и β-пиранозные формы</kwd><kwd>оптические свойства</kwd><kwd>Фурье ИК-спектрскопия</kwd><kwd>рефрактометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monofloral and polyfloral honey</kwd><kwd>monosaccharides</kwd><kwd>α- and β-pyranose forms</kwd><kwd>optical properties</kwd><kwd>FTIR spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>refractоmetry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хорн Х., Люлльманн К. Все о меде. 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