vuzbiochemiИзвестия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнологияProceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology2227-29252500-1558ИРНИТУ10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-1-87-96vuzbiochemi-755Research ArticleФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯPHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGYСравнение действия озона и постоянного электрического поля на морфофизиологические характеристики проростков томата (Solanum lycopersicum L.) и пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.)Comparison of the effect produced by ozone and constant electric field on the morphophysiological characteristics of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlingshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1265-1639НурминскийВ. Н.NurminskyV. N.

В. Н. Нурминский, к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 132,

Vadim N. Nurminsky, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher132, Lermontov St., Irkutsk, 664033

vadyanurm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9771-7013ЛазукинА. В.LazukinA. V.

А. В. Лазукин, инженер111250, г. Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, 14

Alexander V. Lazukin, Engineer

14, Krasnokazarmennaya St., Moscow, 111250

lazukin_av@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9671-1373ГундареваС. В.GundarevaS. V.

С. В. Гундарева, младший научный сотрудник

111250, г. Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, 14

Svetlana V. Gundareva, Junior Researcher14, Krasnokazarmennaya St., Moscow, 111250

gundareva-sv@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-9365СтолбиковА. С.StolbikovA. S.

А. С. Столбиков, к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник

664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 132; 664003, г. Иркутск, ул. К. Маркса, 1

Aleksey S. Stolbikov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher,Siberian Institute; Associate Professor1, K. Marx St., Irkutsk, 664003; 132, Lermontov St., Irkutsk, 664033,

valkir5@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-0909ТретьяковаА. В.TretyakovaA. V.

А. В. Третьякова, к.б.н., доцент664025, г. Иркутск, ул. Сухэ-Батора, 5

Anastasia V. Tretyakova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor,Irkutsk State University

5, Sukhbaatar St., Irkutsk, 664025

anastasiya_chepi@mail.ruСибирский институт физиологии и биохимии растений СО РАНРоссияSiberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RASRussian FederationНИУ «Московский энергетический институт»РоссияNational Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute»Russian FederationИркутский государственный университет; Сибирский институт физиологии и биохимии растений СО РАНРоссияSiberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS; Irkutsk State UniversityRussian FederationИркутский государственный университетРоссияIrkutsk State UniversityRussian Federation2022010420221218796Copyright © Нурминский В.Н., Лазукин А.В., Гундарева С.В., Столбиков А.С., Третьякова А.В., 20222022Нурминский В.Н., Лазукин А.В., Гундарева С.В., Столбиков А.С., Третьякова А.В.Nurminsky V.N., Lazukin A.V., Gundareva S.V., Stolbikov A.S., Tretyakova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/755

Целью работы являлось изучение влияния озона и постоянного электрического поля на морфофизиологические характеристики проростков томата и пшеницы с целью создания эффективной и экологически безопасной технологии повышения ростового потенциала семян сельскохозяйственных культур. Обработку семян томата (Solanum lycopersicum L.) сорта Вентура и мягкой озимой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.) сорта Иркутская проводили в течение 15 и 30 мин: при воздействии озона в дозах 1, 3 и 5 г/м3 и электрического поля при напряженности 1,6 и 2 кВ/см. Как озон, так и постоянное электрическое поле расширяют разброс данных по длине побега и корня, а также изменяют энергию прорастания семян. Выявлено, что в зависимости от концентрации озона и степени воздействия электрическим полем влияние обработки семян может быть как положительным, так и отрицательным. Лучший режим при озонировании семян томата достигался при обработке озоном в концентрации 5 г/м3 в течение 15 мин. Оптимальный режим воздействия электрического поля на семена томата – 1,6 кВ/см в течение 15 мин. Обнаружено, что пшеница реагирует на обработку не так интенсивно, как томат. В случае обработки семян пшеницы более предпочтительным является озонирование, обеспечивающее стимуляцию прорастания уже при воздействии 1 г/м3 озона продолжительностью 15 мин. Результаты экспериментов также показывают, что даже небольшие изменения режима воздействия как при выдержке в электрическом поле, так и при озонировании могут привести к повреждению семян, выраженному не только в ингибировании развития, но и в снижении энергии прорастания семян.

This study investigated the effect of ozone and constant electric field on the morphological and physiological characteristics of tomato and wheat seedlings with the purpose of creating an effective and environmentally friendly technology for increasing the growth potential of crop seeds. Seeds of cv. Ventura tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and cv. Irkutskaya soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were exposed to ozone concentrations of 1, 3, and 5 g/m3 and electric field strengths of 1.6 and 2 kV/cm. The exposure time was 15 and 30 min. Both ozone and constant electric field were found to expand the spread of data on the shoot and root length, as well as alter the energy of seed germination. Depending on ozone concentrations and electric field strengths, the effect of seed treatment was established to be both positive and negative. The most optimal mode for ozonization of tomato seeds was achieved at an ozone concentration of 5 g/m3 for 15 minutes. The optimal mode for treating tomato seeds by electric field was achieved at an electric field strength of 1.6 kV/cm for 15 min. Wheat was determined to response to treatment not as intensively as tomato. When treating wheat seeds, ozonization is a more preferable method, since it stimulates germination even at an ozone concentration of 1 g/m3 for 15 minutes. However, our experimental results showed that even small changes in the mode of exposure both to ozonization and electric field can result in seed damage, thereby inhibiting the development of plants and decreasing the seed germination energy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.