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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vuzbiochemi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2925</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1558</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ИРНИТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-3-406-416</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vuzbiochemi-845</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение сканирующей электронной микроскопии и ИК-спектроскопии для экспресс-оценки морфологии и химического состава бактериальных пленок при периодическом культивировании</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of scanning electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy for a timely evaluation of the morphology and chemical composition of bacterial films during batch cultivation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2872-732X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файзуллин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faizullin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джигангир Асхатович Файзуллин, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>420111, г. Казань, ул. Лобачевского, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Djigangir A. Faizullin, Senior Researcher</p><p>2, Lobachevsky St., 420111, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dfaizullin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9070-739X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобелев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobelev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Витальевич Кобелев, ведущий инженер</p><p>420015, г. Казань, ул. Карла Маркса, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei V. Kobelev, Lead Engineer</p><p>68, Karl Marx St., 420015, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexei-ksu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-974X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клементьев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klement’ev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Святослав Владимирович Клементьев, магистрант, техник 1 категории</p><p>420015, г. Казань, ул. Карла Маркса, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svyatoslav V. Klement’ev, Master’s Student, Technician of the 1st category</p><p>68, Karl Marx St., 420015, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slava_klementev3715@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-9907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сироткин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sirotkin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Семенович Сироткин, д.т.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой промышленной биотехнологии</p><p>420015, г. Казань, ул. Карла Маркса, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Sirotkin, Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Professor, Head of Industrial Biotechnology Department</p><p>68, Karl Marx St., 420015, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asirotkin66@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7086-4280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Михайлович Рогов, инженер</p><p>420008, г. Казань, ул. Кремлевская, 18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei M. Rogov, Engineer</p><p>18, Kremlevskaya St., 420008, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeyrogov111@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-672X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сальников</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salnikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Владимирович Сальников, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>420111, г. Казань, ул. Лобачевского, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Salnikov, Head of Laboratory</p><p>2, Lobachevsky St., 420111, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadim.salnikov.56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-672X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макшакова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makshakova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Николаевна Макшакова, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>420111, г. Казань, ул. Лобачевского, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Makshakova, Senior Researcher</p><p>2, Lobachevsky St., 420111, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omega12@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6715-2530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев</surname><given-names>Ю. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>Yu. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Федорович Зуев, руководитель лаборатории биофизической химии наносистем</p><p>420111, г. Казань, ул. Лобачевского, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurii F. Zuev, Head of the Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry of Nanosystems</p><p>2, Lobachevsky St., 420111, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yufzuev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики ФИЦ КазНЦ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics FRC KazSC RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan National Research Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>406</fpage><lpage>416</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Файзуллин Д.А., Кобелев А.В., Клементьев С.В., Сироткин А.С., Рогов А.М., Сальников В.В., Макшакова О.Н., Зуев Ю.Ф., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Файзуллин Д.А., Кобелев А.В., Клементьев С.В., Сироткин А.С., Рогов А.М., Сальников В.В., Макшакова О.Н., Зуев Ю.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Faizullin D.A., Kobelev A.V., Klement’ev S.V., Sirotkin A.S., Rogov A.M., Salnikov V.V., Makshakova O.N., Zuev Y.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/845">https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/845</self-uri><abstract><p>Основной формой существования бактерий в природе являются биопленки – прикрепленные к субстрату ассоциации клеток, окруженные полимерным матриксом. Изучение образования и функционирования биопленок имеет фундаментальное значение для управления процессами формирования микробных ассоциатов в экологии, биотехнологии и медицине. Поставленная цель требует разработки аналитических подходов, позволяющих при сохранении интактной структуры биопленок получать оперативную информацию на протяжении всего цикла жизнедеятельности микробного сообщества. В задачу работы входила адаптация методов сканирующей электронной микроскопии и ИК-спектроскопии в качестве экспресс-метода анализа микробных биопленок. Для этого проведено сопоставительное изучение кинетики роста культуры бактерий Bacillus subtilis в течение 24 ч культивирования на твердом субстрате методами классической микробиологии и биохимии, электронной сканирующей микроскопии и Фурье ИК-спектроскопии. Установлено, что морфология биопленки меняется от равномерного заселения поверхности носителя планктонными клетками на начальной стадии роста (6 ч) до накопления внеклеточного матрикса и образования микроколоний в экспоненциальной и стационарной фазе (12–18 ч) и постепенного истощения матрикса в фазе отмирания клеток (24 ч). Результаты ИК-спектроскопии коррелируют с результатами биохимических исследований, что, в свою очередь, позволяет проводить оперативную оценку накопления белков, полисахаридов и нуклеиновых кислот и получать информацию об их структурном состоянии в биопленке. По итогам исследования можно заключить, что сканирующая электронная микроскопия и Фурье ИК-спектроскопия в предложенном варианте применения позволяют получать взаимодополняющую информацию о морфологии и химическом составе микробных биопленок в процессе культивирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bacteria most commonly exist in nature in the form of bacterial biofilms, i.e. associations of cells attached to a substrate surrounded by a polymer matrix. Research into biofilm formation and functioning is fundamental to the management of microbial associations in ecology, biotechnology and medicine. This task requires the development of analytical approaches capable of providing timely information throughout the life cycle of microbial communities at the same time as maintaining their intact structure. In this paper, we apply scanning electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy as rapid methods for analysing microbial biofilms. To this end, the growth kinetics of a Bacillus subtilis culture cultivated on a solid substrate for 24 h was comparatively studied by the methods of classical microbiology and biochemistry, electron scanning microscopy and Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy. The biofilm morphology was found to vary from a uniform settlement of planktonic cells over the substrate surface at the initial stage of growth (6 h) followed by the accumulation of the extracellular matrix and the formation of microcolonies at the exponential and stationary stage (12–18 h) and a gradual depletion of the matrix at the stage of cell death (24 h). The results of IR spectroscopy were established to agree well with those of biochemical studies, thereby demonstrating the potential of the method for a timely evaluation of the accumulation of proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids and for obtaining information about their structural state in the studied biofilm. It is concluded that scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy can be used for obtaining complementary information about the morphology and chemical composition of microbial biofilms during their cultivation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Bacillus subtilis</kwd><kwd>микробные биопленки</kwd><kwd>Фурье ИК-спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>сканирующая электронная микроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bacillus subtilis</kwd><kwd>microbial biofilms</kwd><kwd>Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>scanning electron microscopy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Казанского научного центра РАН № 122011800137-0.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the government assignment 122011800137-0 for Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of RAS.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abed S. 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