vuzbiochemiИзвестия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнологияProceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology2227-29252500-1558ИРНИТУ10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-506-513vuzbiochemi-893Research ArticleХИМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИCHEMICAL SCIENCESПолучение адсорбентов из подсолнечной лузги для удаления хрома (VI) из сточных водProduction of adsorbents based on sunflower husks for removal of chromium (VI) from wastewaterhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3570-0018ФедотовА. А.FedotovA. A.

Алексей Анатольевич Федотов - магистрант.

443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, 244

Aleksey A. Fedotov - Master Student.

244, Molodogvardeiskaya St., Samara, 443100

fedotov23.f@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-9225РуденкоЕ. Ю.RudenkoE. Yu.

Руденко Елена Юрьевна - доктор биологических наук, доцент, профессор Высшей биотехнологической школы.

443100, Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, 244

Elena Yu. Rudenko - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Professor of the Higher Biotechnological School.

244, Molodogvardeiskaya St., Samara, 443100

e_rudenko@rambler.ruСамарский государственный технический университетРоссияSamara State Technical UniversityRussian Federation202201012023124506513Copyright © Федотов А.А., Руденко Е.Ю., 20232023Федотов А.А., Руденко Е.Ю.Fedotov A.A., Rudenko E.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/893

В последнее время в качестве сорбционных материалов для очистки воды от загрязняющих веществ часто используют отходы промышленного и сельскохозяйственного производства. Адсорбенты получали из подсолнечной лузги для очистки сточных вод от ионов хрома (VI). Исследования проводили на немодифицированной и модифицированной подсолнечной лузге и модельном растворе сточных вод, содержащем 10 мг/дм3 ионов хрома (VI). Для модификации подсолнечной лузги использовали растворы кислот (Н2SO4, HNO3, HCl, Н3PO4) и щелочей (KOH, NaOH). Максимальную сорбционную емкость выявили у подсолнечной лузги, обработанной серной кислотой, поэтому в дальнейших опытах использовали только этот модифицирующий агент. Модификацию проводили 1−4 М растворами Н2SO4 при температурах 30−75 °С в течение 30−120 мин. Результаты проведенных исследований показали, что кислотная модификация подсолнечной лузги более эффективна, чем ее обработка щелочами. До достижения 3 М концентрации серной кислоты сорбционная емкость модифицированной ей подсолнечной лузги увеличивается, а затем начинает снижаться. Был построен 3-уровневый полный факторный план эксперимента, который позволил определить, что максимальная сорбционная емкость подсолнечной лузги достигается при ее модификации серной кислотой, имеющей концентрацию, равную 2,5 М, и температуру 60 °С. Проведенные исследования показали, что адсорбенты, полученные из подсолнечной лузги, можно использовать для удаления ионов хрома (VI) из сточных вод. Наиболее оптимальной и эффективной является методика модификации, при которой подсолнечную лузгу обрабатывают 2,5 М раствором серной кислоты при температуре 60 °С в течение 30 мин, промывают дистиллированной водой и высушивают при температуре 105 °С до постоянной массы.

At present, industrial and agricultural waste is often used as sorption materials for water remediation. Adsorbents obtained from sunflower husks were used for wastewater treatment from chromium (VI) ions. Studies were carried out using unmodified and modified sunflower husk and a model wastewater solution containing 10 mg/dm3 of chromium (VI) ions. Solutions of acids (H2SO4, HNO3, HCl, H3PO4) and alkalis (KOH, NaOH) were used to modify sunflower husks. The maximum sorption capacity was revealed in sunflower husks treated with sulfuric acid; thus, this modifying agent only was used in further experiments. The modification was carried out using 1–4 M solutions of H2SO4 at 30–75 °C for 30–120 min. The research results showed that the acid treatment of sunflower husks is more effective than that using alkalis. The sorption capacity of the modified sunflower husk increased up to the concentration of sulfuric acid of 3 M, followed by a further decrease. A full factorial design having 3 factors of the experiment was set, which allowed the maximum sorption capacity to be identified. The optimal modification procedure was as follows: sunflower husks are treated using 2.5 M sulfuric acid solution at 60 °C for 30 min, washed with distilled water and dried at 105 °C to a constant weight. Studies showed that adsorbents obtained from sunflower husks can be used to remove chromium (VI) ions from wastewater.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.