vuzbiochemiИзвестия вузов. Прикладная химия и биотехнологияProceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology2227-29252500-1558ИРНИТУ10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-521-537vuzbiochemi-895Research ArticleФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯPHYSICOCHEMICAL BIOLOGYИспользование поверхностно-активных веществ в биодеградации гидрофобных соединений: обзорUse of surfactants in biodegradation of hydrophobic compounds: A reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-4062ТопчийИ. А.TopchiyI. A.

Иван Анатольевич Топчий - аспирант, лаборант-исследователь.

664003, Иркутск, ул. Карла Маркса, 1

Ivan A. Topchiy - Postgraduate Student, Research Laboratory Assistant.

1, Karl Marx St., Irkutsk, 664003

topchiyi@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9496-2961СтомД. И.StomD. I.

Дэвард Иосифович Стом - доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией водной токсикологии, Иркутский ГУ; главный научный сотрудник, Байкальский музей СО РАН.

664003, Иркутск, ул. Карла Маркса, 1; 664520, п. Листвянка, ул. Академическая, 1

Devard I. Stom - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology, Irkutsk SU; Chief Researcher, Baikal Museum of the SB RAS.

1, Karl Marx St., Irkutsk, 664003; 1, Academicheskaya St., Listvyanka, 664520

stomd@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-6794ДонинаК. Ю.DoninaK. Yu.

Кристина Юрьевна Донина - аспирант.

664520, п. Листвянка, ул. Академическая, 1

Kristina Yu. Donina - Postgraduate Student.

1, Academicheskaya St., Listvyanka, 664520

kristina.d95@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5217-7815АлферовС. В.AlferovS. V.

Сергей Валерьевич Алферов - кандидат химических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией экологической и медицинской биотехнологии.

300012, Тула, пр-т Ленина, 92

Sergey V. Alferov - Cand. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Ecological and Medical Biotechnology.

92, Lenin Ave., Tula, 300012

s.v.alferov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2736-080XНечаеваИ. А.NechaevaI. A.

Ирина Александровна Нечаева - кандидат биологических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории экологической и медицинской биотехнологии.

300012, Тула, пр-т Ленина, 92

Irina A. Nechaeva - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Ecological and Medical Biotechnology.

92, Lenin Ave., Tula, 300012

s.v.alferov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8884-8636КупчинскийА. Б.KupchinskyА. B.

Александр Борисович Купчинский - кандидат биологических наук, директор.

664520, п. Листвянка, ул. Академическая, 1

Alexander B. Kupchinsky - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Director.

1, Academicheskaya St., Listvyanka, 664520

albor67@mail.ruОгарковБ. Н.OgarkovB. N.

Борис Никитович Огарков - доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой микробиологии биолого-почвенного факультета, заведующий лабораторией экспериментальной биотехнологии НИИ биологии.

664003, Иркутск, ул. Карла Маркса, 1

Boris N. Ogarkov - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology, Head of the Laboratory of Experimental Biotechnology, Research Institute of Biology.

1, Karl Marx St., Irkutsk, 664003

bornik@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3702-2249ПетроваЮ. Ю.PetrovaYu. Yu.

Юлия Юрьевна Петрова - кандидат химических наук, доцент, директор Института естественных и технических наук.

628412, Сургут, ул. Энергетиков, 22

Yulia Yu. Petrova - Cand. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor, Director of the Institute of Natural and Technical Sciences.

22, Energetikov St., Surgut, 628412

petrova_juju@surgu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5681-288XАнтоноваЕ. В.AntonovaE. V.

Елена Владимировна Антонова - кандидат биологических наук, доцент.

664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Карла Маркса, 1

Elena V. Antonova - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor.

1, Karl Marx St., Irkutsk, 664003

antoshki05@rambler.ruИркутский государственный университетРоссияIrkutsk State UniversityRussian FederationИркутский государственный университет; Байкальский музей, СО РАНРоссияIrkutsk State University; Baikal Museum, SB RASRussian FederationБайкальский музей, СО РАНРоссияBaikal Museum, SB RASRussian FederationТульский государственный университетРоссияTula State UniversityRussian FederationСургутский государственный университетРоссияSurgut State UniversityRussian Federation202201012023124521537Copyright © Топчий И.А., Стом Д.И., Донина К.Ю., Алферов С.В., Нечаева И.А., Купчинский А.Б., Огарков Б.Н., Петрова Ю.Ю., Антонова Е.В., 20232023Топчий И.А., Стом Д.И., Донина К.Ю., Алферов С.В., Нечаева И.А., Купчинский А.Б., Огарков Б.Н., Петрова Ю.Ю., Антонова Е.В.Topchiy I.A., Stom D.I., Donina K.Y., Alferov S.V., Nechaeva I.A., Kupchinsky А.B., Ogarkov B.N., Petrova Y.Y., Antonova E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vuzbiochemi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/895

Развитие промышленности привело к колоссальным выбросам и накоплению в окружающей среде гидрофобных органических соединений (ГОС). В первую очередь стоит назвать углеводороды нефти, полициклические ароматические углеводороды (ПАУ) и полихлорбифенилы. Интенсивное и широкое применение гидрофобных пестицидов в сельском хозяйстве способствовало загрязнению ими почвы, воздуха и воды. Многие из гидрофобных веществ являются опасными для представителей биоты, поскольку обладают высоким токсическим, канцерогенным и мутагенным действием на организмы. Кроме широкой распространенности, их возможные негативные эффекты определяются и устойчивостью к разложению, в том числе биологическому. Это позволяет им в течение длительного времени сохраняться в почве, воде и других средах. Воздействие ГОС на экосистемы представляет потенциальную угрозу не только для окружающей среды, но и для здоровья человека. Существует труднообозримое число исследований, посвященных ремедиации почв, загрязненных ГОС. Можно до некоторой степени условно выделить механические, химические и биоремедиационные методы. Первые два особенно широко применялись в прошлом. Биоремедиационные методы оказались более эффективными и дешевыми. Биоремедиация – это, как правило, более рентабельная и экологически безопасная технология. В последние годы показана хорошая эффективность солюбизирующих агентов в биоремедиационных процессах. Широкую популярность приобрели различные поверхностно-активные вещества (ПАВ). Их способность увеличивать десорбцию, растворимость в воде и микробную биодоступность ГОС хорошо известна. В настоящем кратком обзоре рассмотрены современные литературные сведения по биодеградации гидрофобных органических соединений, стимулируемой поверхностно-активными веществами.

Industrial development has led to immense emission and accumulation of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) in the environment. Primarily, they include petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The extensive use of hydrophobic pesticides in agriculture led to the contamination of soil, air and water. Many of the hydrophobic substances are dangerous for the biota due to their high toxicity and carcinogenic and mutagenic activity. In addition to their widespread use, the possible adverse effects are also determined by their resistance to decomposition, including the biological one, which defines their long-term persistence in soil, water and other media. The impact of HOC on ecosystems poses a potential threat not only to the environment but also to human health. Numerous studies were devoted to the remediation of soils polluted with HOC. The approaches to remediation can be conditionally divided into mechanical, chemical and bio-methods, with the former two being widely used in the past. Bioremediation methods proved more efficient and, as a rule, more cost-effective and environmentally friendly. In recent years, the good efficiency of solubilizing agents in bioremediation processes has been demonstrated. Various surfactants have become widely popular due to their ability to increase desorption, water solubility and microbial bioavailability of HOC. In this brief review, state-of-the-art literature data on the biodegradation of hydrophobic organic compounds using surfactants were considered.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.