Сравнительные исследования методов извлечения биологически активных веществ с антиоксидантными свойствами из косточек винограда (Vitis vinifera L. )

Целью работы являлось сравнительное исследование влияния методов экстракции - мацерация (настаивание), ультразвуковое воздействие, микроволновое облучение, на общее содержание фенолов, флавоноидов, а также значения антирадикальной активности, восстанавливающей силы при экстрагировании отходов винного производства - косточек винограда. В качестве методов исследования выбраны спектрофотометрические методы определения общего содержания фенолов, флавоноидов, антирадикальной активности со свободным радикалом 2,2-дифенил-1-пикрилгидразилом, восстанавливающей силы с реактивом FRAP, антиоксидантной активности на модели с линолевой кислотой. По результатам анализа установлено, что использование ультразвуковой экстракции виноградных косточек позволяет получить более высокое содержание фенолов, флавоноидов, а также высокие значения антирадикальной активности, восстанавливающей силы, антиокислительного действия. Аналогичное влияние на ряд показателей экстракта виноградных косточек оказывает и микроволновое излучение, хотя эти показатели ниже по величине. Для получения экстракта виноградных косточек, обладающего высокой антиоксидантной активностью, используемого в качестве компонента многих биологически активных добавок, а также косметических средств с высокой антиокислительной способностью, можно рекомендовать ультразвуковую обработку как метод интенсификации при тех же температурных параметрах и времени процесса. Это позволит получать экстракты с более высоким содержанием биологически активных веществ.

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