Lead (II) concentration by a chelating sorbent containing meta-phenylenediamine fragments

A   sorbent   based   on   a   copolymer   of   maleic   anhydride   with   styrene,   containing m-phenylenediamine fragments was synthesised. After drying at 50–60 °С, the obtained sorbent was identified using IR spectroscopy. Further, a study of lead sorption by a synthesised sorbent was conducted. For this purpose, the effect of pH, time, ionic strength and metal concentration on sorption was determined. According to the experiment, the maximum sorption was established at рН = 6. Complete sorption of lead (II) wasobtained following 3 hours of metal contact with the sorbent. The effect of increase in ionic strength to 0.6 mol/L on sorption was shown to be insignificant, with a subsequent increase leading to a critical decrease in sorption value. The isotherm of lead sorption by the synthesised sorbent was constructed and the optimal concentration conditions studied. The analysis results demonstrated an increase in the concentration of lead (II) ions in the solution to provide higher values of sorbed metal concentration with the maximum occurring at a concentration of 6·10^-3 mol/L (pH = 6, СPb⁺²= 6·10^-3mol/L, V_sample= 20 mL, m_sorb.= 0.05 g, CE = 405 mg/g). Under optimal conditions, the extraction degree of lead (II) ions exceeds 95 %. The study of sorption was carried out both under static and dynamic conditions. Additionally, the effect of various mineral acids (HClO₄, H₂SO₄, HNO₃, HCl) of the equal concentration on the desorption of lead (II) from the sorbent was studied. The maximum desorption of lead (II) was obtained in sulphuric acid. Thus, the proposed express technique including preliminary concentration of lead (II) with a synthesised sorbent provides quantitative isolation of lead (II) from a large sample volume with a complex background composition.

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