Testing the effect of new biopesticides on soilborne pathogens of vegetable diseases using DNA markers

Abstract

In protected ground, vegetables are exposed to various pests and pathogens of viral, bacterial or fungal diseases. Growing vegetables indoors requires the elimination of all chemical treatments and control over pathogens and pests. In this regard, the application of sensitive methods based on molecular markers in the diagnostics of pathogens is highly relevant. In this work, polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the most common diseases of tomato (Xanthomonas euvesicatoria), cucumber (Ascochyta cucumis) and potato (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Sepedonicus) plants. It was established that early diagnosis of vegetable diseases using polymerase chain reaction allows rapid detection of trace amounts of pathogenic microorganisms thus facilitating selection of effective fungicidal preparations. The creation of biological protection for vegetable crops is relevant considering their nutritional importance. New biological methods for protecting vegetables in greenhouses were tested. Thus, the fungicidal effect of the authors’ patented preparation developed for pre-sowing treatment of vegetable seeds in protected ground on the pathogens of tomato  black  bacterial  spot  (Xanthomonas  euvesicatoria)  and  cucumber  stem  hypertrophy (Ascochyta cucumis) was confirmed. Another preparation patented as a means of pre-sowing treatment of pea seeds demonstrated fungicidal action against the development of Phytophthora infectants on potato plants. It was observed that these preparations are effective at concentrations of 10^-4 % for soaking seeds and double treatment of plants during the flowering period.