Impact of blue light on the biological properties of aqueous extracts during the cultivation of the Inonotus rheades mycelium

The aim was to determine whether the antioxidant, cytotoxic and virucidal properties of aqueous extracts isolated from the Inonotus rheades basidiomycete depend on the illumination of the mycelium during cultivation. Effects of blue light illumination on the mycelium of I. rheades, which was cultivated on birch wood at 25±1 ºC in the dark and under a constant illumination of 12.8 W/m² were studied. In the course of the work, two fractions of water-soluble polysaccharides were obtained: ВР-5 – isolated from the mycelium grown under blue light; BP-6 – isolated from mycelium grown in the dark. Two fractions of water-soluble pol- ysaccharides were obtained during the study: ВР-5 – water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from the mycelium grown under blue light; ВР-6 – water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from the mycelium grown in the dark. The extract from the mycelium grown under blue light showed a greater antioxidant activity than that from the mycelium grown in the dark. An analysis of the effect of the extracts under study on a test culture of tumour cells showed that the extracts cause the death of some amount of the cells on the 6th day of coincubation. The cytostatic effect of the extracts was also manifested following 6 days. In comparison with the control, the density of the culture at maximum concentrations decreased to 60% and 20% for BP-6 and BP- 5, respectively. The results of measuring the antiviral activity of the extracts showed that BP-5 and BP-6 completely destroy tick-borne encephalitis viruses. It was experimentally shown that, after normalisation of the pH values, both extracts contain components exhibiting a significant antiviral effect. The inhibition index for BP-5 and BP-6 comprised 3 and 2 lg PFU/ ml, respectively. This suggests that the concentration of virucidal components in the extract from mycelium grown under blue light is approximately 10 times higher than that in the extract from the mycelium grown in the dark. Thus, the extracts from the mycelium of I. rheades grown on birch discs contain substances exhibiting antioxidant, cytostatic and virucidal properties. The accumulation of these properties can be stimulated by blue light illumination.

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