Study on safety profile in extracts of Pulmonaria officinalis callus cultures and their phytochemical composition for the presence bioactive substances with the potential geroprotective properties

Ageing is a natural and inevitable process accompanied by different diseases. Medicinal lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis) is a source of bioactive substances that can slow down ageing and improve the quality of human life. Callus culture of this plant can be a promising raw material to produce nutraceuticals. However, a composition of individual bioactive substances in medicinal lungwort has been studied insufficiently, particularly when it comes to phenolic compounds with potential geroprotective properties. We performed a study on the phytochemical composition of the callus cultures, extracted from the medicinal lungwort plant, for the presence of bioactive substances with the potential geroprotective properties and determined their quality profile. Twofold extraction of Pulmonaria officinalis callus cultures was carried out on a water bath with 70% ethyl alcohol. Determination of the safety profile of extracts was performed according to the requirements of the Pharmaceutical Norms and Regulations. Organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological properties were considered important indicators of the quality of the extracts. It was demonstrated that the content of heavy metals, radionuclides, dry residue, residual alcohol content, as well as organoleptic characteristics and microbiological purity, comply with the regulatory documents. The phytochemical composition of the callus culture extract was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and threelayer chromatography. The following flavonoids (rutin, isorhamnetin, quercetin), triterpenoid saponins and phenolic acids (p-coumaric, ferulaic, gallic, caffeic, rosmarinic and chlorogenic) were identified. The presence of triterpenoid saponin, p- coumaric, ferulaic and gallic acids is discovered in the extract of the lungwort callus culture for the first time. Quantitative analysis of bioactive substances showed that the content of caffeic, rosmarinic and chlorogenic acids in the callus culture extract is higher than that in the extracts from the aerial parts of the plant.

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