Перспективы переработки пластиковых отходов на основе полиэтиленгликольтерефталата с применением живых систем (обзор)

В последние годы биодеградация полиэтиленгликольтерефталата стала играть важную роль в решении проблемы загрязнения окружающей среды пластиковыми отходами. В данном обзоре обобщена новейшая информация о различных микроорганизмах, способных к биодеградации полиэтиленгликольтерефталата. Подробно изучены механизмы ферментативных реакций гидролиза полиэтиленгликольтерефталата и строение ферментов биодеградации. В обзоре рассмотрены существующие проблемы промышленной реализации метода биодеградации полиэтиленгликольтерефталата и высказаны некоторые соображения по продвижению соответствующих технологий утилизации отходов на основе полиэтиленгликольтерефталата. Биодеградация является привлекательным современным методом экологически чистого и эффективного удаления отходов пластмасс. Актуальность данной темы объясняется тем, что еще не разработаны технологии, позволяющие в коммерческих масштабах утилизировать полиэтиленгликольтерефталат путем биодеградации. В этой области проводится большое количество исследований, очевидно, что разработка рентабельных и высоко технологичных процессов биодеградации – это вопрос времени. Будущие достижения в этой области будут основаны на стратегиях синтетической биологии и метаболической инженерии. Их целью станет конструирование искусственных микробных консорциумов и модифицирование микробных гидролаз полиэтиленгликольтерефталата, нацеленных на более полную биодеградацию и биоконверсию полиэтиленгликольтерефталата и других сложных полимеров.

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