Prospects of a modified biofungicide based on Trichoderma viride for soil health improvement

Trichodermin biopreparations isolated from Trichoderma viride are widely used for treating seed, vegetable, fruit and berry crops, as well as for soil application. A promising research direction consists in the simultaneous use of Trichodermin biopreparations and natural minerals, such as zeolite (0.2 and 0.04 mm), diatomite, glauconite and sapropel. Our laboratory experiments showed that these minerals do not inhibit the development of T. viride. While promoting T. viride growth, glauconite and diatomite application lead to its rapid sporulation. Zeolite in both fractions (0.20 and 0.04 mm) has a long-acting effect on T. viride growth. Sapropel prolongs the period of micromycete development to a lesser extent than zeolite in both fractions does. The studies were continued in a field experiment, where the micromycete composition of gray forest soils of Laishevsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan was evaluated after the application of a Trichodermin biopreparation. A biofungicide based on T. viride (at a dose of 3 kg/ha) was introduced into the soil together with the above natural minerals (at a dose of 0.5 t/ha each). Soil sampling for a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the micromycete community was carried out in the phases of germination and tillering of winter wheat (Sultan variety). Trichodermin contributed to a significant increase in the amount of T. viride in the soil. This genus was the dominant (74-100%) among other microscopic fungi present in the soil (p. Aspergillus, Mucor, Fusarium). T. viride was found to exhibit inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungi. Phytopathogenic fungi of the Fusarium genus were absent only in variants with the addition of zeolite (0.04 mm) and diatomite. The use of diatomite and zeolite together with Trichodermin preparations is a promising technique for improving the phytosanitary state of agricultural soils.

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