Impact of hemostatic agent preparation and deposition methods on the physicochemical properties of biopolymer microparticles

The development of effective topical hemostatic agents is a key priority of contemporary regenerative medicine. In this context, considerable attention is directed toward elucidating the relationship between preparation parameters and the resulting structure and functional activity of biopolymer materials. In this work, our aim was to study the physicochemical characteristics of microparticles of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) biodegradable polymer depending on the method of preparation and deposition of the etamsylate hemostatic agent. Microparticle morphology, size, zeta potential, and agent release were studied with the evaluation of kinetic models. We found that the preparation method has a significant effect of the size of microparticles (85 and 18 μm), zeta potential (-27 and -19 mV), and agent release (~80 and ~60%) for the emulsion and spray drying methods, respectively. The deposition of the agent was shown to have no significant effect on the average microparticle diameter (76–85 and 15–18 μm), as well as zeta potential (from about -26.5 to -27.5 and from -15.0 to -22.3 mV) for the emulsion and spray drying methods, respectively. The release kinetics of the agent for microparticles prepared by the emulsion and spray drying methods corresponded to the first-order model with a determination coefficient of 0.7525 and 0.8389, respectively. The results indicate that etamsylate can be successfully incorporated into poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) microparticles using either the emulsion method or spray drying with satisfactory deposition efficiency, agent release characteristics, and stability in the model medium.

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