Prospects for biomonitoring in the quality assessment of casein dairy raw materials

Abstract

The study aims to develop a bioassay procedure for assessing goat milk quality under production conditions using Escherichia coli M-180 bacteria. The main test reactions of the biomodel yielded resistance to 10 mM hydrogen peroxide and growth characteristics (specific growth rate and biomass accumulation). The proposed method for assessing milk quality is intended for milk samples heat-treated under industrial pasteurization conditions, which ensure the destruction of Escherichia coli in native dairy raw materials. The study examined samples of goat milk heat-treated under the following pasteurization conditions: at 65°C for 30 minutes; at 76°C for 5 minutes; at 90°C for 20 seconds; at 95°C for 5 minutes. A series of experimental studies established the possibility and prospects of using the bioassay procedure with Escherichia coli M-180 as the test object (introduced into the culture medium at a volume concentration of 0.125×10⁻³ mL/mL) to assess the quality of casein dairy raw materials under production conditions. The selected bioassay was shown to be highly sensitive, which is confirmed by the growth characteristics (growth rate and biomass accumulation), as well as data on the hydrogen peroxide resistance of Escherichia coli M-180. It was found that the industrial pasteurization conditions of 76°C for five minutes and 90°C for twenty seconds are the most effective, ensuring the highest preservation of native biologically active substances in goat milk.