Phenol-formaldehyde resins modified with lignin sludge from the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill
https://doi.org/10.21285/achb.1027
EDN: UJAZJK
Abstract
The disposal of lignin sludge remains one of the most pressing challenges requiring effective solutions to improve the environmental situation in the Baikal region. Lignin sludge is a large-scale waste product generated over long-term operation of the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill and stored in storage ponds on the southern shore of Lake Baikal. To date, numerous technological solutions for recycling the content of these ponds have either not been implemented or proved unsuccessful. The aim of this study was to develop a method for utilizing lignin sludge through thermochemical processing to obtain a modified lignin-containing resole-type phenol-formaldehyde resin. The reasons for the accumulation of this waste, as well as the composition and properties of lignin sludge, are examined. Modified lignin-phenol-formaldehyde resins were obtained in a liquid state by condensing lignin sludge, caustic soda, phenol, and formalin in specified ratios upon heating to 85–95°C for 0.5–1.5 h. The resulting resins were analyzed in terms of viscosity and contents of nonvolatile substances, alkali, free phenol, and free formaldehyde. The most favorable conditions for the synthesis process are determined, and the properties of the modified resins are described. In a number of characteristics, the obtained phenol-formaldehyde resins are comparable to conventional phenol-formaldehyde resins. The proposed method for the synthesis of modified phenol-formaldehyde resins is based on the use of lignin sludge from the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill as a modifying agent, taken directly from storage ponds. The process occurs in a single stage without changing the temperature range. These resins can be used as components in adhesives, fiberglass, sealants, etc.
Supporting agencies: The work was supported by the budget of the Angarsk State Technical University. No additional grants were received for the conduct or supervision of this study.
About the Authors
D. S. Evdokimenko
Angarsk State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dmitry S. Evdokimenko, Postgraduate Student
5а, 85 Quarter, Angarsk, 665835
S. A. Shcherbin
Angarsk State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey A. Shcherbin, Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Technical Cybernetics
5а, 85 Quarter, Angarsk, 665835
T. V. Raskulova
Angarsk State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatiana V. Raskulova, Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor, Head of the Department
5а, 85 Quarter, Angarsk, 665835
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For citations:
Evdokimenko D.S., Shcherbin S.A., Raskulova T.V. Phenol-formaldehyde resins modified with lignin sludge from the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill. Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology. 2026;16(2):267-276. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21285/achb.1027. EDN: UJAZJK
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